SynthesisCurrent cardiology reports2022
How Much Lowering of Blood Pressure Is Required to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With and Without Previous Cardiovascular Disease?
Synthesis in Current cardiology reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of oral cannabidiol supplementation on blood pressure in adults: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Low-Intensity Endurance Training on Aerobic Fitness and Risk Factors of Cardiometabolic Health in Working-Age Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2026Pooled it
- Edible Algae Reduce Blood Pressure in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025Pooled it
- The role of bariatric surgery in hypertension control: a systematic review and meta-analysis with extended benefits on metabolic factors.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Remote follow-up by pharmacists for blood pressure control in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Berry Dietary Interventions in Metabolic Syndrome: New Insights.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Sex differences in post-exercise hypotension after a recreational beach tennis session in adults with controlled hypertension: a randomized crossover trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Oral Semaglutide and Change in Cardiovascular Risk Factors in High-Risk Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Secondary Analysis of the SOUL Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA cardiology · 2026Trial
- Household air pollution exposures over pregnancy and maternal blood pressure trajectories through 8 years postpartum: Evidence from the Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study (GRAPHS).Environmental research · 2026Trial
- Effect of exercise alone and in combination with time-restricted eating on cardiometabolic health in menopausal women.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Trial
- Cardiovascular and renal effects of apelin in chronic kidney disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Characterization of theMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Evaluating Longitudinal Community Health Worker-Led Interventions for Improving Hypertension Management in Urban U.S. Communities: A Rapid Review.AJPM focus · 2026Review
- The Impact of Antihypertensive De-escalation: A Secondary Analysis of Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT).High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Effects of Nitrate- and Betalain-Rich Beetroot Juice Ingestion on Vascular Function and Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Effects of Resistance Training on Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Following Nordic Walking in Adults with Prediabetes or Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Pre-Post Interventions.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Blood Pressure Trajectories Among Adults Living in Extreme Poverty: A Population-Based Cohort in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewTo review the recent large-scale randomised evidence on pharmacologic reduction in blood pressure for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. RECENT
findingsBased on findings of the meta-analysis of individual participant-level data from 48 randomised clinical trials and involving 344,716 participants with mean age of 65 years, the relative reduction in the risk of developing major cardiovascular events was proportional to the magnitude of achieved reduction in blood pressure. For each 5-mmHg reduction in systolic blood pressure, the risk of developing cardiovascular events fell by 10% (hazard ratio [HR] (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90 [0.88 to 0.92]). When participants were stratified by their history of cardiovascular disease, the HRs (95% CI) in those with and without previous cardiovascular disease were 0.89 (0.86 to 0.92) and 0.91 (0.89 to 0.94), respectively, with no significant heterogeneity in these effects (adjusted P for interaction = 1.0). When these patient groups were further stratified by their baseline systolic blood pressure in increments of 10 mmHg from < 120 to ≥ 170 mmHg, there was no significant heterogeneity in the relative risk reduction across these categories in people with or without previous cardiovascular disease (adjusted P for interaction were 1.00 and 0.28, respectively). Pharmacologic lowering of blood pressure was effective in preventing major cardiovascular disease events both in people with or without previous cardiovascular disease, which was not modified by their baseline blood pressure level. Treatment effects were shown to be proportional to the intensity of blood pressure reduction, but even modest blood pressure reduction, on average, can lead to meaningful gains in the prevention of incident or recurrent cardiovascular disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.