ArticleScience immunology2022
Recall of B cell memory depends on relative locations of prime and boost immunization.
Article in Science immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed.
- Apoptotic Quality Control of Cellular Competence Limits Cryptic Germinal Center B Cell States.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Immune Responses to Live-Attenuated Prime-Boost Vaccination Are Independent of Injection Site in Calves.Microbiology and immunology · 2026Article
- Pre-existing hemagglutinin-specific antibody levels are associated with B-cell repertoire maturation and antibody breadth after influenza vaccination.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- mRNA-based influenza vaccine expands the B cell response breadth in humans.Nature immunology · 2026Observational
- Rapid boosting increases germinal center responses to sequential vaccines.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Intranasal boosting induces variant-specific responses in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-imprinted mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Clonal dynamics of germinal center refueling by secondary immunization.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Extrafollicular and other non-germinal center B cell responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Review
- The multilayered identity of B cell memory.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- Lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA platforms for mucosal HIV vaccines: formulation advances, immune mechanisms, and translational pathways.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- A Review of the Effects of Ipsilateral or Contralateral Vaccine Boosting on the Adaptive Immune Response.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Rabies virus-vectored Lyme disease vaccine provides long-term protection against tick-transmitted Borrelia burgdorferi.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Local control of T cell fate in lymph nodes safely and durably reverses myelin-driven autoimmunity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Antibody-mediated feedback modulates interclonal competition in the germinal center.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Iterative immunogen optimization to focus immune responses on a conserved, subdominant viral epitope.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- mRNA prime-boost vaccination promotes clonal continuity in germinal center reactions and broadens SARS-CoV-2 variant coverage.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Extrafollicular B Cell Responses-Is One Tent Big Enough?Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Clonal expansion and diversification of germinal center and memory B cell responses to booster immunization in primates.Cell reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immunization or microbial infection can establish long-term B cell memory not only systemically but also locally. Evidence has suggested that local B cell memory contributes to early local plasmacytic responses after secondary challenge. However, it is unclear whether locality of immunization plays any role in memory B cell participation in recall germinal centers (GCs), which is essential for updating their B cell antigen receptors (BCRs). Using single B cell culture and fate mapping, we have characterized BCR repertoires in recall GCs after boost immunizations at sites local or distal to the priming. Local boosts with homologous antigen recruit the progeny of primary GC B cells to recall GCs more efficiently than do distal boosts. Recall GCs elicited by local boosts contain significantly more B cells with elevated levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) mutation and higher avidity BCRs. This local preference is unaffected by blocking CD40:CD154 interaction to terminate active, GC responses. Local boosts with heterologous antigens elicit secondary GCs with B cell populations enriched for cross-reactivity to the prime and boost antigens; in contrast, cross-reactive GC B cells are rare after distal boosts. Our results suggest that local B cell memory is retained in the form of memory B cells, GC B cells, and GC phenotype B cells that are independent of organized GC structures and that these persistent "primed B cells" contribute to recall GC responses at local sites. Our findings indicate the importance of locality in humoral immunity and inform serial vaccination strategies for evolving viruses.
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