ArticlePsychological medicine2022
Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection: relationship of central nervous system manifestations with physical disability and systemic inflammation.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Real world research on transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment strategies for neuropsychiatric symptoms with long-COVID in Japan.Asian journal of psychiatry · 2023Trial
- Medical invalidation is associated with structural barriers in postacute immune mediated syndromes based on patient perspectives in Germany.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Physical Function Differences by COVID-19 Status: A Cross-sectional Analysis From the RECOVER Adult Cohort.Physical therapy · 2025Observational
- Exploring the Relationship Between Lifestyle and Post-COVID Psychiatric Symptoms: Findings from a Brazilian Cohort.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2025Article
- Psychological factors associated with Long COVID: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Damage to endothelial barriers and its contribution to long COVID.Angiogenesis · 2024Review
- Cluster analysis identifies long COVID subtypes in Belgian patients.Biology methods & protocols · 2024Article
- Long COVID: neurological manifestations - an updated narrative review.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2024Review
- Data-driven, cross-disciplinary collaboration: lessons learned at the largest academic health center in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Post-COVID-19 condition: systemic inflammation and low functional exercise capacity.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Neuropsychiatric post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: prevalence, severity, and impact of vaccination.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Article
- The role of immune activation and antigen persistence in acute and long COVID.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2023Review
- Fatigue after COVID-19 in non-hospitalized patients according to sex.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- Cognitive impairment in long-COVID and its association with persistent dysregulation in inflammatory markers.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The determinants of COVID-induced brain dysfunctions after SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
26 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite the multitude of clinical manifestations of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), studies applying statistical methods to directly investigate patterns of symptom co-occurrence and their biological correlates are scarce.
methodsWe assessed 30 symptoms pertaining to different organ systems in 749 adults (age = 55 ± 14 years; 47% female) during in-person visits conducted at 6-11 months after hospitalization due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including six psychiatric and cognitive manifestations. Symptom co-occurrence was initially investigated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and latent variable modeling was then conducted using Item Response Theory (IRT). We investigated associations of latent variable severity with objective indices of persistent physical disability, pulmonary and kidney dysfunction, and C-reactive protein and D-dimer blood levels, measured at the same follow-up assessment.
resultsThe EFA extracted one factor, explaining 64.8% of variance; loadings were positive for all symptoms, and above 0.35 for 16 of them. The latent trait generated using IRT placed fatigue, psychiatric, and cognitive manifestations as the most discriminative symptoms (coefficients > 1.5,
conclusionsDifferent symptoms that persist for several months after moderate or severe COVID-19 may unite within one latent trait of PASC. This trait is dominated by fatigue and psychiatric symptoms, and is associated with objective signs of physical disability and persistent systemic inflammation.
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