ArticleRSC advances2019
Characteristics of nanoparticle formation and hazardous air pollutants emitted by 3D printer operations: from emission to inhalation.
Article in RSC advances, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- An Experimental Study of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emissions from a Resin 3D Printer to Assess Exposure and Exposure Mitigation.Journal of chemical health & safety · 2026Article
- Review of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from desktop 3D printers and associated health implications.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Review
- Flexible 3D-Printable Materials for Application in Medical Research: A Comprehensive Comparison of Commercially Available Materials.3D printing and additive manufacturing · 2025Article
- Review
- The size distribution of nanoparticles emitted from advanced manufacturing devices impacts predicted carcinogenic potential.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Mathematical modeling and machine learning-based optimization for enhancing biofiltration efficiency of volatile organic compounds.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Using particle dimensionality-based modeling to estimate lung carcinogenicity of 3D printer emissions.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2024Article
- Metal compositions of particle emissions from material extrusion 3D printing: Emission sources and indoor exposure modeling.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Variability in the inorganic composition of colored acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene and polylactic acid filaments used in 3D printing.SN applied sciences · 2022Article
- Human exposure to metals in consumer-focused fused filament fabrication (FFF)/ 3D printing processes.The Science of the total environment · 2022Review
- State of the art in additive manufacturing and its possible chemical and particle hazards-review.Indoor air · 2021Review
- Large-Format Additive Manufacturing and Machining Using High-Melt-Temperature Polymers. Part II: Characterization of Particles and Gases.Journal of chemical health & safety · 2021Article
- Prevention through design: insights from computational fluid dynamics modeling to predict exposure to ultrafine particles from 3D printing.Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A · 2021Article
- 3D Printer Particle Emissions: Translation to Internal Dose in Adults and Children.Journal of aerosol science · 2021Article
- Recent advances in additive manufacturing of engineering thermoplastics: challenges and opportunities.RSC advances · 2020Review
- 3D-Printed Lab-on-a-Chip Diagnostic Systems-Developing a Safe-by-Design Manufacturing Approach.Micromachines · 2019Review
- Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing in Non-Industrial Spaces: A Summary of Emissions Evaluations in 11 School Settings.The Journal of school healthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study examined the emissions of nanoparticles and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) by 3D printer operations and evaluated nanoparticle deposition behavior using a prediction model. Nanoparticles and HAPs were sampled at the Inha University 3D printing center with five fused filament fabrication (FFF)-type 3D printers. The number size distribution of the nanoparticles exhibited a bimodal distribution with dominant peaks over a large size range between 70 and 100 nm and a smaller size range between 10 and 20 nm. With increasing 3D printer operation, the number concentration of 10 nm particles increased, and the final number concentration was 3.6 times higher than that of the background concentration. Nanoparticle formation and agglomeration were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Model calculations revealed that a large number of nanoparticles between 10 and 30 nm in size are deposited in the lower human respiratory tract (generation number: 16-22). A total of 14 HAPs species were detected, among which hexane, acrylonitrile, and benzene concentrations were the highest.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.