ArticleFrontiers in genetics2022
Dissecting the Role of Immune Checkpoint Regulation Patterns in Tumor Microenvironment and Prognosis of Gastric Cancer.
Article in Frontiers in genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perineural invasion in digestive tract tumors: Immune system interactions and therapeutic strategies.World journal of clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Barking up the right tree: Immune checkpoint signatures of human and dog cancers.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Prognostic Impact of Klintrup-Mäkinen (KM) Score in Gastric Cancer and Its Association with Pathological Parameters.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Anti-CTLA-4 nanobody as a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy.Cell death & disease · 2024Review
- Immune checkpoints expression patterns in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer predict prognosis and remodel the tumor immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Tim3 and PD-1 as a therapeutic and prognostic targets in colorectal cancer: Relationship with sidedness, clinicopathological parameters, and survival.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many studies suggest that immune checkpoint molecules play a vital role in tumor progression and immune responses. However, the impact of the comprehensive regulation pattern of immune checkpoint molecules on immune responses, tumor microenvironment (TME) formation, and patient prognosis is poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated immune checkpoint regulation patterns in 1,174 gastric cancer (GC) samples based on 31 immune checkpoint genes (ICGs). Three distinct immune checkpoint regulation patterns with significant prognostic differences were ultimately identified. Moreover, GC patients were divided into two subgroups according to immune checkpoint score (ICscore). Patients with lower ICscore were characterized by a favorable prognosis and enhanced immune infiltration as well as an increased tumor mutation burden, non-recurrence, and microsatellite instability-high. Collectively, this study indicated that immune checkpoint regulation patterns were essential to forming the diversity of TME and a better understanding of that will contribute to assessing the characteristics of TME in GC, which intends to improve the development of immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
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