Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35513722›Full record

ArticleNature genetics2022

Genetic architecture of 11 major psychiatric disorders at biobehavioral, functional genomic and molecular genetic levels of analysis.

Andrew D Grotzinger, Travis T Mallard, Wonuola A Akingbuwa, Hill F Ip, Mark J Adams, Cathryn M Lewis, Andrew M McIntosh, Jakob Grove, Søren Dalsgaard, Klaus-Peter Lesch and 16 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 211 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
211citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

211 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Transdiagnostic mapping of common and specific regional homogeneity alterations across affective and psychotic disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
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  9. Big data and psychiatry: advances, constraints and future directions.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026
    Article
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  11. Network analysis of the genetic relationships between twenty psychiatric and substance use disorders.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026
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151 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Andrew D GrotzingerDepartment of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. Andrew.Grotzinger@colorado.edu.
Travis T MallardDepartment of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3265-3001
Wonuola A AkingbuwaDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8205-0807
Hill F IpDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Mark J AdamsDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3599-6018
Cathryn M LewisSocial, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8249-8476
Andrew M McIntoshDivision of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0198-4588
Jakob GroveiPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-5744
Søren DalsgaardNational Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-0969
Klaus-Peter LeschSection of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8348-153X
Nora StromInstitute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5261-8852
Sandra M MeierDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Manuel MattheisenDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Anders D BørglumiPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-7219
Ole MorsiPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark.
Gerome BreenSocial, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2053-1792
iPSYCH
Tourette Syndrome and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genetics Consortium
Bipolar Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genetics Consortium
Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genetics Consortium
Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genetics Consortium
Phil H LeePsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit (PNGU) and the Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Kenneth S KendlerDepartment of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Jordan W SmollerPsychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit (PNGU) and the Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0381-6334
Elliot M Tucker-DrobDepartment of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-6237
Michel G NivardDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2015-1888

Funding

Program Development and Pilot CoreP30AG066614 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI DEBRA J. UMBERSON · 2020 to 2026
$5.2M
Scientific & Technical CoreP2CHD042849 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI Elizabeth T. Gershoff · 2017 to 2026
$5.2M
Dissecting the Multivariate Genetic Architecture of Psychiatric DiseasesR01MH120219 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI NIVARD, MICHEL GUILLAUME, TUCKER-DROB, ELLIOT MAX · 2020 to 2024
$3.3M
Cortisol, Socioeconomic Status, and Genetic Influences on Cognitive DevelopmentR01HD083613 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI TUCKER-DROB, ELLIOT MAX · 2016 to 2020
$3.0M
5/7 Psychiatric Genomics Consortium: Finding actionable variationU01MH109514 · NIMH · CARDIFF UNIVERSITY · PI O'DONOVAN, MICHAEL · 2016 to 2020
$2.9M
Evaluating Longitudinal Changes in the Human Structural Connectome in Relation to Cognitive AgingR01AG054628 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI TUCKER-DROB, ELLIOT MAX · 2017 to 2021
$2.7M
Comprehensive analysis of genetic pleiotropy in eleven neuropsychiatric disordersR01MH119243 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI LEE, PHIL H. · 2020 to 2024
$2.3M
Neuroimaging genetics to study social cognitive deficits in ASD and schizophreniaR00MH101367 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI LEE, PHIL H. · 2017 to 2019
$747k
Department of HealthMedical Research Council MC_PC_17209Medical Research Council MC_PC_17228Medical Research Council MC_QA137853Medical Research Council MR/S035818/1NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066614NIA NIH HHS R01 AG054628NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD042849NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD083613NIMH NIH HHS R00 MH101367NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH119243NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH120219NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH109514Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 104036/Z/14/ZWellcome Trust 216767/Z/19/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We interrogate the joint genetic architecture of 11 major psychiatric disorders at biobehavioral, functional genomic and molecular genetic levels of analysis. We identify four broad factors (neurodevelopmental, compulsive, psychotic and internalizing) that underlie genetic correlations among the disorders and test whether these factors adequately explain their genetic correlations with biobehavioral traits. We introduce stratified genomic structural equation modeling, which we use to identify gene sets that disproportionately contribute to genetic risk sharing. This includes protein-truncating variant-intolerant genes expressed in excitatory and GABAergic brain cells that are enriched for genetic overlap across disorders with psychotic features. Multivariate association analyses detect 152 (20 new) independent loci that act on the individual factors and identify nine loci that act heterogeneously across disorders within a factor. Despite moderate-to-high genetic correlations across all 11 disorders, we find little utility of a single dimension of genetic risk across psychiatric disorders either at the level of biobehavioral correlates or at the level of individual variants.

Indexed as

Genome-Wide Association StudyMental DisordersGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenomeGenomicsHumansMolecular BiologyPolymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Identifiers

PMID35513722
PMCPMC9117465

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.