ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2022
Urban Scaling of Health Outcomes: a Scoping Review.
Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Relationship Between Urban Characteristics and Non-Communicable Diseases-Conceptual Framework of the HORUS Project.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Temporal patterns in diabetes and sepsis mortality in older Americans: a population-based analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Evolving spatiotemporal patterns and urban scaling of deaths from external causes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Predicting and controlling infectious disease epidemics in cities.Science advances · 2025Review
- Advancing equitable and sustainable urban health.Nature medicine · 2025Review
- Differential Mortality Trends at the Intersection of Climate Change and Urban Growth From 13th to 18th Century Berlin.American journal of biological anthropology · 2025Article
- Associations between gun violence exposure and suicide mortality rates in US counties.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Scaling of cardiovascular risk factors in 230 Latin American cities.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Time series analysis and scaling law characteristics of viral hepatitis from 2004 to 2023 in Zhejiang Province, China.PloS one · 2025Article
- The Role of Functional Urban Areas in the Spread of COVID-19 Omicron (Northern Spain).Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2023Article
- Scaling law characteristics and spatiotemporal multicomponent analysis of syphilis from 2016 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province, China.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Exploring inequalities in life expectancy and lifespan variation by race/ethnicity and urbanicity in the United States: 1990 to 2019.SSM - population health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Urban scaling is a framework that describes how city-level characteristics scale with variations in city size. This scoping review mapped the existing evidence on the urban scaling of health outcomes to identify gaps and inform future research. Using a structured search strategy, we identified and reviewed a total of 102 studies, a majority set in high-income countries using diverse city definitions. We found several historical studies that examined the dynamic relationships between city size and mortality occurring during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In more recent years, we documented heterogeneity in the relation between city size and health. Measles and influenza are influenced by city size in conjunction with other factors like geographic proximity, while STIs, HIV, and dengue tend to occur more frequently in larger cities. NCDs showed a heterogeneous pattern that depends on the specific outcome and context. Homicides and other crimes are more common in larger cities, suicides are more common in smaller cities, and traffic-related injuries show a less clear pattern that differs by context and type of injury. Future research should aim to understand the consequences of urban growth on health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries, capitalize on longitudinal designs, systematically adjust for covariates, and examine the implications of using different city definitions.
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