SynthesisEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2023
Red meat consumption and risk factors for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses on Consumption of Different Food Groups and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Changes in Choline Metabolites and Ceramides in Response to a DASH-Style Diet in Older Adults.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- High- and normal-protein diets improve body composition and glucose control in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Trial
- Association between the lifelines diet score and the odds of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Body height, body composition, and lifestyle of Czech high school students: implications for the most appropriate strategies supporting physical growth and preventing obesity.Journal of physiological anthropology · 2026Article
- Isocaloric substitution with beef and mutton and metabolically unhealthy obesity among adults in Ordos, Inner Mongolia: a cross-sectional analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Effects of Minimally Processed Red Meat within a Plant-Forward Diet on Biomarkers of Physical and Cognitive Aging: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Predominant Dietary Pattern and Sleep Disorders in Obese Diabetic Patients and Non-diabetic Obese Individuals : Short title: The Dietary Pattern and Sleep Disorders in Diabetics.Galen medical journal · 2026Article
- Effects of Diets Containing Beef Compared with Poultry on Pancreatic β-Cell Function and Other Cardiometabolic Health Indicators in Males and Females with Prediabetes: A Randomized, Crossover Trial.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Back to the pre-industrial age? FAOSTAT statistics of food supply reveal radical dietary changes accompanied by declining body height, rising obesity rates, and declining phenotypic IQ in affluent Western countries.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Dietary context in the association between red meat consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2025Article
- Article
- Red Meat Consumption and Hypertension: An Updated Review.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- A cross-sectional study on the association between major dietary pattern and impaired fasting glucose.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Associations between the Global Diet Quality Score and risk of type 2 diabetes: Tehran lipid and glucose study.PloS one · 2025Article
- A systematic analysis of the global disease burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus attributable to high intake of processed meat in 204 countries (1990-2021).Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Silicon-Enriched Meat Ameliorates Diabetic Dyslipidemia by Improving Cholesterol, Bile Acid Metabolism and Ileal Barrier Integrity in Rats with Late-Stage Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Pork Meat Composition and Health: A Review of the Evidence.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Comparison of food intake pattern of diabetic patients and healthy individuals in a sample of Saudi population: a case-control study.BMC public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesResults from observational studies suggest an association of red meat intake with risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). However, results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have not clearly supported a mechanistic link between red meat intake and T2D risk factors. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on RCTs evaluating the effects of diets containing red meat (beef, pork, lamb, etc.), compared to diets with lower or no red meat, on markers of glucose homeostasis in adults.
methodsA search of PubMed and CENTRAL yielded 21 relevant RCTs. Pooled estimates were expressed as standardized mean differences (SMDs) between the red meat intervention and the comparator intervention with less or no red meat.
resultsCompared to diets with reduced or no red meat intake, there was no significant impact of red meat intake on insulin sensitivity (SMD: -0.11; 95% CI: -0.39, 0.16), insulin resistance (SMD: 0.11; 95% CI: -0.24, 0.45), fasting glucose (SMD: 0.13; 95% CI: -0.04, 0.29), fasting insulin (SMD: 0.08; 95% CI: -0.16, 0.32), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; SMD: 0.10; 95% CI: -0.37, 0.58), pancreatic beta-cell function (SMD: -0.13; 95% CI: -0.37, 0.10), or glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1; SMD: 0.10; 95% CI: -0.37, 0.58). Red meat intake modestly reduced postprandial glucose (SMD: -0.44; 95% CI: -0.67, -0.22; P < 0.001) compared to meals with reduced or no red meat intake. The quality of evidence was low to moderate for all outcomes.
conclusionsThe results of this meta-analysis suggest red meat intake does not impact most glycemic and insulinemic risk factors for T2D. Further investigations are needed on other markers of glucose homeostasis to better understand whether a causal relationship exists between red meat intake and risk of T2D. PROSPERO REGISTRATION: CRD42020176059.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.