ArticleRespirology (Carlton, Vic.)2022
Inhalational exposures in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease: Presentation, pulmonary function and survival in the Canadian Registry for Pulmonary Fibrosis.
Article in Respirology (Carlton, Vic.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhalational exposures associated with risk of interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Thorax · 2025Pooled it
- The Impact of Occupational Exposures on the Risk of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2024Pooled it
- An Evidence-Based Exposure Questionnaire for Interstitial Lung Disease: EXPO-ILD.CHEST pulmonary · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a generalisable machine learning algorithm for identifying interstitial lung disease cohorts: a retrospective cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Interstitial Lung Diseases in Israel: Large Variability in Close Geographic Proximity.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Epigenome-Wide Analysis Identifies Pollution-Sensitive Loci in Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- The Role of Particle Inhalation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Development and evaluation of a questionnaire to capture environmental and occupational inhalational exposures in adults with fibrotic interstitial lung disease.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Does a Type of Inciting Antigen Correlate with the Presence of Lung Fibrosis in Patients with Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Genetics and Genomics of Pulmonary Fibrosis: Charting the Molecular Landscape and Shaping Precision Medicine.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Review
- Interstitial Lung Disease and Sarcoidosis.Clinics in chest medicine · 2023Review
- Occupational Contributions to Respiratory Health Disparities.Clinics in chest medicine · 2023Review
- Treatable traits: a comprehensive precision medicine approach in interstitial lung disease.The European respiratory journal · 2023Article
- What Constitutes Family Ties? Exposures and Disease Phenotypes in Familial Pulmonary Fibrosis.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2022Article
- The Association between Exposures and Disease Characteristics in Familial Pulmonary Fibrosis.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2022Article
- The Long-Term Respiratory Perils of War.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2022Article
- Inhalational exposures in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease: Presentation, pulmonary function and survival in the Canadian Registry for Pulmonary Fibrosis.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2022Article
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23 authors at 10 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveInhalational exposures are a known cause of interstitial lung disease (ILD), but little is understood about their prevalence across ILD subtypes and their relationship with pulmonary function and survival.
methodsPatients with fibrotic ILD were identified from the multicentre Canadian Registry for Pulmonary Fibrosis. Patients completed questionnaires regarding ILD-related occupational and environmental exposures. The relationship between exposures and the outcomes of baseline age, gender, family history, pulmonary function and survival was analysed using linear and logistic regression models, linear mixed-effect regression models and survival analysis using multivariable Cox proportional hazards along with the log-rank test.
resultsThere were 3820 patients included in this study, with 2385 (62%) having ILD-related inhalational exposure. Exposed patients were younger, particularly in the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis subgroup. Inhalational exposure was associated with male gender (adjusted OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.28-1.68, p < 0.001) and family history of pulmonary fibrosis (adjusted OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.40-2.15, p < 0.001). Patients with any inhalational exposure had improved transplant-free survival (hazard ratio 0.81, 95% CI 0.71-0.92, p = 0.001); this effect persisted across diagnostic subtypes. The relationship between exposures and annual change in forced vital capacity varied by ILD subtype.
conclusionPatients with fibrotic ILD report high prevalence of inhalational exposures across ILD subtypes. These exposures were associated with younger age at diagnosis, male gender and family history of pulmonary fibrosis. Identification of an inhalational exposure was associated with a survival benefit. These findings suggest that inhaled exposures may impact clinical outcomes in patients with ILD, and future work should characterize the mechanisms underlying these relationships.
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