ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2022
Serum PFAS and Urinary Phthalate Biomarker Concentrations and Bone Mineral Density in 12-19 Year Olds: 2011-2016 NHANES.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the relationship between microplastic exposure and bone health.Endocrine connections · 2026Review
- Long-term association between phthalate exposure in pregnancy and midlife bone mineral density among women in Mexico City.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and adolescent bone mineral density: assessing periods of susceptibility.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Association between serum uric acid levels and lumbar spine Z-scores in adults aged <50 years: A cross-sectional study.Metabolism open · 2026Article
- Environmental Pollution and Its Impact on Kidney Diseases: A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Associations of endocrine disrupting chemical biomarkers and their mixture with vitamin D biomarker concentrations in childhood: The HOME Study.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Exploring the application of machine learning to identify the correlations between phthalate esters and disease: enhancing nursing assessments.Health information science and systems · 2025Article
- Phthalates exposure and longitudinal trajectories of body composition and regional fat distribution in children: shifting towards "apple-shaped" body and the role of physical activity.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate inhibit in vitro osteogenesis: possible role of connexin 43-mediated gap-junctional intercellular communication.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Associations between Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Exposures and Bone Mineral: A Systematic Review and Best Evidence Synthesis.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Exploring the impact of PFAS exposure and sleep duration on kidney stone formation in the U.S. population.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Mid-Childhood Plasma Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances, Modifiable Lifestyle Factors, and Bone Mineral Density Through Late Adolescence.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and bone mineral content in early adolescence: Modification by diet and physical activity.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Bone health: Quality versus quantity.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2024Article
- Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and high-throughput proteomics in Hispanic youth.Environment international · 2024Article
- The association of urinary heavy metal exposure with frailty susceptibility and mortality in middle-aged and older adults: a population-based study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Article
- Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and longitudinal changes in bone mineral density in adolescents and young adults: A multi-cohort study.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Association of per- and polyfluoroalkylated substances/heavy metals and bone health in children and adolescents.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Calcium supplementation and body mass index modify associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and perinatal bone ultrasound measures among pregnant women.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Associations of urinary metabolite concentrations of phthalates and phthalate replacements with body composition from mid-childhood to early adolescence.Environmental research · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and phthalates are 2 families of environmental endocrine disruptors that may be associated with areal lower bone mineral density (aBMD).
objectiveTo examine associations between serum PFAS and urinary phthalate biomarker concentrations and their mixtures with aBMD Z-scores in adolescents. DESIGN, PATIENTS, AND MEASURES: We examined serial cross-sectional data from male (n = 453) and female (n = 395) 12- to 19-year-old participants in the 2011 through 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with measures of serum PFAS, urinary phthalate metabolites, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry aBMD Z-scores (total body less head). In sex-specific models, we used linear regression to examine associations of individual PFAS and phthalate biomarkers with aBMD Z-scores, and Bayesian kernel machine regression to examine the association of the overall PFAS/phthalate biomarker mixture with aBMD Z-scores. We replicated the analysis, stratifying by race/ethnicity.
resultsParticipants were (mean ± SD) 15 ± 2.1 years of age. In males, each doubling of serum perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate, urinary mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate, and the overall PFAS/phthalate mixture was associated with a lower aBMD Z-score (eg, for PFOA: -0.24; 95% CI, -0.41 to -0.06). Serum PFOA and urinary MiBP were associated with higher aBMD Z-scores in females (eg, for PFOA: 0.09; 95% CI, -0.07 to 0.25). Findings did not differ by race/ethnicity.
conclusionsCertain PFAS and phthalates may be associated with reduced bone mineral density in adolescent males. Bone mineral density tracks across the life course, so if replicated in longitudinal cohorts, this finding may have implications for lifelong skeletal health.
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