Observational studyThe American journal of clinical nutrition2022
Early pregnancy vitamin D status is associated with blood pressure in children: an Odense Child Cohort study.
Observational study in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations of umbilical cord vitamin D levels with childhood cardiometabolic risks: a longitudinal mother-child study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Role of Maternal Vitamin DJournal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Maternal vitamin D status in relation to cardiometabolic risk factors in children from the Norwegian Environmental Biobank.PloS one · 2025Article
- Molecular pathways in placental-fetal development and disruption.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2024Review
- Gut microbiome and metabolome in aneurysm rat with hypertension after ginsenoside Rb1 treatment.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBlood pressure in childhood tracks into later life. Vitamin D status in adults is associated with blood pressure, but the impact of vitamin D status in pregnancy and childhood on blood pressure still needs investigation.
objectiveWe investigated whether fetal rather than current vitamin D status is associated with blood pressure in children.
methodsIn a prospective observational study within the population-based Odense Child Cohort (OCC), we examined serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D2+3 [s-25(OH)D] in early and late pregnancy, cord blood, and at 5 y age, and the associations with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) in the 5-y-old children (n = 1,677). Multiple regression models were adjusted for maternal country of origin, parity, smoking during pregnancy, 5-y height, and weight. Two-stage mixed effect modeling was performed, integrating all s-25(OH)D data from pregnancy and cord blood.
resultsThe median (IQR) s-25(OH)D in early pregnancy, late pregnancy, the umbilical cord, and at 5 y was 65.5 (50.7-78.5), 78.5 (60.3- 95.8), 45.4 (31.1- 60.7), and 71.9 (54.6- 86.5) nmol/L, respectively. The mean ±SD 5-y SBP/DBP was 101.0/63.8 (7.1/5.9) mmHg. In adjusted analyses, a 10 nmol/L increase of s-25(OH)D in early pregnancy associated with a 0.3/0.2 mmHg lower SBP/DBP at 5 y (P < 0.05). Optimal s-25(OH)D (>75 nmol/L) in early pregnancy was associated with lower 5-y SBP and DBP, β (95% CI) -1.45 (-2.6, -0.3), and -0.97 (-1.9, -0.1), compared with reference s-25(OH)D (50-74.9 nmol/L). Two-stage analysis combining early pregnancy, late pregnancy, and cord s-25(OH)D data showed an inverse association with 5-y SBP and DBP for boys (P < 0.025) with significant sex-difference for DBP (Pinteraction = 0.004). No associations were found between s-25(OH)D and 5-y BP above the 90th percentile.
conclusionEarly pregnancy s-25(OH)D concentrations, especially >75 nmol/L, were inversely associated with 5-y blood pressure in the offspring. A novel identified protective effect of optimal vitamin D levels in early pregnancy on offspring BP is suggested.
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