ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2022
Intrafollicular Concentrations of the Oocyte-secreted Factors GDF9 and BMP15 Vary Inversely in Polycystic Ovaries.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Competence of Combined Low Dose of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) and Clomiphene Citrate (CC) Versus Continued CC during Ovulation Induction in Women with CC-Resistant Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Trial
- CCDC174 deficiency impaired human fertility by affecting the alternative splicing of maternal mRNAs.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- An early LH surge may jeopardize ART outcomes of patients with PCOS and its predictive models.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Article
- The effect of aqueous Stevia rebaudiana extract and clomiphene citrate on the expression of GDF9, PTEN, BMP15 genes, and antioxidant levels in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome model in Wistar rats.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Article
- Epigallocatechin gallate cooperated with hydrogel encapsulation enables high-performance cryopreservation of mouse ovaries.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Regulating human oocyte maturation in vitro: a hypothesis based on oocytes retrieved from small antral follicles during ovarian tissue cryopreservation.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025Article
- The Differentiation Fate of Granulosa Cells and the Regulatory Mechanism in Ovary.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Review
- Roles of GDF9 and BMP15 in equine follicular development: in vivo content and in vitro effects of IGF1 and cortisol on granulosa cells.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Unraveling the complexity of follicular fluid: insights into its composition, function, and clinical implications.Journal of ovarian research · 2024Review
- A rare germline BMP15 missense mutation causes hereditary ovarian immature teratoma in human.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Comparative Analysis of the Ovary Transcriptome among Wanyue Black and Yorkshire Gilts Using RNA-Seq.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Effects of hypoxia-preconditioned HucMSCs on neovascularization and follicle survival in frozen/thawed human ovarian cortex transplanted to immunodeficient mice.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Article
- Concentrations of oocyte secreted GDF9 and BMP15 decrease with MII transition during human IVM.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2022Article
- Intrafollicular Concentrations of the Oocyte-secreted Factors GDF9 and BMP15 Vary Inversely in Polycystic Ovaries.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
contextThe oocyte-secreted factors growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) play essential roles in follicle development and oocyte maturation, and aberrant regulation might contribute to the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome.
objectiveAre there measurable differences in concentrations of GDF9, BMP15, and the GDF9/BMP15 heterodimer in small antral follicle fluids from women with and without polycystic ovaries (PCO)? DESIGN AND
settingFollicle fluids (n = 356) were collected from 4- to 11-mm follicles in unstimulated ovaries of 87 women undergoing ovarian tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation. PATIENTS: Twenty-seven women with PCO were identified and 60 women without PCO-like characteristics (non-PCO women) were matched according to age and follicle size.
main outcome measuresIntrafollicular concentrations of GDF9, BMP15, GDF9/BMP15 heterodimer, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), inhibin-A and -B, total inhibin, activin-B and -AB, and follistatin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
resultsThe detectability of GDF9, BMP15, and the GDF9/BMP15 heterodimer were 100%, 94.4%, and 91.5%, respectively, and concentrations were significantly negatively correlated with increasing follicle size (P < 0.0001). GDF9 was significantly higher in women with PCO (PCO: 4230 ± 189 pg/mL [mean ± SEM], n = 188; non-PCO: 3498 ± 199 pg/mL, n = 168; P < 0.03), whereas BMP15 was lower in women with PCO (PCO: 431 ± 40 pg/mL, n = 125; non-PCO: 573 ± 55 pg/mL, n = 109; P = 0.10), leading to a significantly higher GDF9:BMP15 ratio in women with PCO (P < 0.01). Significant positive associations between BMP15 and AMH, activins, and inhibins in non-PCO women switched to negative associations in women with PCO.
conclusionsIntrafollicular concentrations of GDF9 and BMP15 varied inversely in women with PCO reflecting an aberrant endocrine environment. An increased GDF9:BMP15 ratio may be a new biomarker for PCO.
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