Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35510686›Full record

ArticleMolecular microbiology2022

Phenazines and toxoflavin act as interspecies modulators of resilience to diverse antibiotics.

Lucas A Meirelles, Dianne K Newman

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
6.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Pyocyanin produced byAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Metabolism-Based Biomarkers for Rapid Phenotypic Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Role of AprA and pyocyanin fromMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Bioenergetic suppression by redox-active metabolites promotes antibiotic tolerance inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Optical OmBio · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Lucas A MeirellesDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3194-7136
Dianne K NewmanDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1647-1918
California Institute of Technology · US

Funding

Biological mechanisms and consequences of efficient extracellular electron transfer in Pseudomonas aeruginosaR01AI127850 · NIAID · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI Dianne K Newman · 2017 to 2026
$5.6M
Testing the hypothesis that microbial energetic hijacking of the CF immune response selects for specific pathogens during lung function decline- Diversity SupplementR01HL152190 · NHLBI · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI NEWMAN, DIANNE K · 2020 to 2023
$2.0M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL152190NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI127850
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacterial opportunistic pathogens make diverse secondary metabolites both in the natural environment and when causing infections, yet how these molecules mediate microbial interactions and their consequences for antibiotic treatment are still poorly understood. Here, we explore the role of three redox-active secondary metabolites, pyocyanin, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, and toxoflavin, as interspecies modulators of antibiotic resilience. We find that these molecules dramatically change susceptibility levels of diverse bacteria to clinical antibiotics. Pyocyanin and phenazine-1-carboxylic acid are made by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while toxoflavin is made by Burkholderia gladioli, organisms that infect cystic fibrosis and other immunocompromised patients. All molecules alter the susceptibility profile of pathogenic species within the "Burkholderia cepacia complex" to different antibiotics, either antagonizing or potentiating their effects, depending on the drug's class. Defense responses regulated by the redox-sensitive transcription factor SoxR potentiate the antagonistic effects these metabolites have against fluoroquinolones, and the presence of genes encoding SoxR and the efflux systems it regulates can be used to predict how these metabolites will affect antibiotic susceptibility of different bacteria. Finally, we demonstrate that inclusion of secondary metabolites in standard protocols used to assess antibiotic resistance can dramatically alter the results, motivating the development of new tests for more accurate clinical assessment.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBurkholderia cepacia complexHumansPhenazinesPseudomonas aeruginosaPyocyaninePyrimidinonesTriazinesAnti-Bacterial AgentsPhenazinesPyocyaninePyrimidinonestoxoflavinTriazinesantibiotic resistanceantibiotic toleranceBurkholderia cepacia complexBurkholderia gladioliefflux systemsinterspecies interactionspolymicrobial infectionsPseudomonas aeruginosapyocyanintoxoflavin

Identifiers

PMID35510686
PMCPMC10249331
OpenAlexW4229005227

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.