ReviewJournal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association2022
Characterising body composition and bone health in transgender individuals receiving gender-affirming hormone therapy.
Review in Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07481942 (Body Composition Adaptations Following Initiation of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy in Transgender Populations.), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Body Composition Adaptations Following Initiation of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy in Transgender Populations.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of transgender male rodent model methodology.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The conducting airways before and after gender-affirming hormone therapy in transgender individuals.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Nutritional Monitoring During Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy: Body Composition and Metabolic Implications.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Feminizing hormone therapy using GnRH agonists as antiandrogens is not associated with adverse metabolic and bone effects in adult transgender women.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Considerations in Care of the Transgender Orthopedic Patient.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2025Review
- Body composition following gender affirming hormone therapy in transgender individuals.The Indian journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Observational
- Improving care for individuals with gender incongruence: Establishing a multidisciplinary approach in Italy.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Article
- The effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on myocardial, hepatic, pancreatic lipid content, body fat distribution and other cardiometabolic risk factors: A magnetic resonance-based study in transgender individuals.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2025Article
- Longitudinal changes in regional fat and muscle composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers over 5 years of hormone therapy in transgender individuals.Journal of internal medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of puberty suppression on bone, body composition, handgrip strength and glucolipid profile in early-pubertal transgender adolescents.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- New challenges in the management of inflammatory bowel disease: a case study.Przeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2025Article
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Outcomes in a Transgender Woman With Coronary Artery Disease.JACC. Case reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Unraveling sex-specific risks of knee osteoarthritis before menopause: Do sex differences start early in life?Osteoarthritis and cartilage · 2024Review
- Sex- and Gender-Related Differences in Obesity: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Clinical Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Gender-Affirming Hormone Treatment and Metabolic Syndrome Among Transgender Veterans.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Patients: The Influence of Sex and Gender on Predicted Aerobic Capacity.CHEST pulmonary · 2024Article
- Effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on body fat: a retrospective case‒control study in Chinese transwomen.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics as predictors for quality of life in transmasculine and transfeminine individuals receiving gender-affirming hormone therapy.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is prescribed to produce secondary sex characteristics aligning external anatomy with gender identity to mitigate gender dysphoria. Transgender women are generally treated with oestrogens and anti-androgens, whereas transgender men are treated with testosterone. The objective of this narrative review was to characterise the influence of GAHT on body composition and bone health in the transgender population to help address weight concerns and chronic disease risk.
methodsStudies were extracted from PubMed and Scopus and limited to only those utilising imaging technologies for precise adipose tissue, lean mass, and bone mineral density (BMD) quantification.
resultsAlthough methodologies differed across the 20 investigations that qualified for inclusion, clear relationships emerged. Specifically, among transgender women, most studies supported associations between oestrogen therapy and decreases in lean mass and increases in both, fat mass and body mass index (BMI). Within transgender men, all studies reported associations between testosterone therapy and increases in lean mass, and although not as consistent, increases in BMI and decreases in fat mass. No consistent changes in BMD noted for either group.
conclusionsAdditional research is needed to appropriately assess and evaluate the implications of these body composition changes over time (beyond 1 year) in larger, more diverse groups across all BMI categories. Future studies should also seek to evaluate nutrient intake, energy expenditure and other important lifestyle habits to diminish health disparities within this vulnerable population. Policies are needed to help integrate registered dietitians into the routine care of transgender individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.