Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35508665›Full record

ArticleSurgical endoscopy2022

Linked color imaging improves identification of early gastric cancer lesions by expert and non-expert endoscopists.

Kiki Fockens, Jeroen de Groof, Joost van der Putten, Tsevelnorov Khurelbaatar, Hisashi Fukuda, Takahito Takezawa, Yoshimasa Miura, Hiroyuki Osawa, Hironori Yamamoto, Jacques Bergman

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in Elderly Patients: An Individualized Decision-Making Approach for Screening and Surveillance.Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society · 2026
    Review
  3. Prevention of Gastric Cancer.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026
    Review
  4. Characteristics of Superficial Gastric Neoplasms Detected Not by White Light Imaging but by Linked Color Imaging.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Clinical Usefulness of Linked Color Imaging for Detection and Characterization of UndifferentiatedType Early Gastric Cancer.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2023
    Article
  9. Linked Color Imaging for Stomach.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Kiki FockensDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Jeroen de GroofDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Joost van der PuttenDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
Tsevelnorov KhurelbaatarDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Hisashi FukudaDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Takahito TakezawaDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Yoshimasa MiuraDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Hiroyuki OsawaDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Hironori YamamotoDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
Jacques BergmanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. j.j.bergman@amsterdamumc.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7548-6955
Jichi Medical University · JPAmsterdam University Medical Centers · NLBergman Clinics · NLEindhoven University of Technology · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsEarly gastric cancer (EGC) lesions are often subtle and endoscopically poorly visible. The aim of this study is to evaluate the additive effect of linked color imaging (LCI) next to white-light endoscopy (WLE) for identification of EGC, when assessed by expert and non-expert endoscopists.

methodsForty EGC cases were visualized in corresponding WLE and LCI images. Endoscopists evaluated the cases in 3 assessment phases: Phase 1: WLE images only; Phase 2: LCI images only; Phase 3: WLE and LCI images side-to-side. First, 3 expert endoscopists delineated all cases. A high level of agreement between the expert delineations corresponded with a high AND/OR ratio. Subsequently, 62 non-experts indicated their preferred biopsy location. Outcomes of the study are as follows: (1) difference in expert AND/OR ratio; (2) accuracy of biopsy placement by non-expert endoscopists; and (3) preference of imaging modality by non-expert endoscopists.

resultsQuantitative agreement between experts increased significantly when LCI was available (0.58 vs. 0.46, p = 0.007). This increase was more apparent for the more challenging cases (0.21 vs. 0.47, p < 0.001). Non-experts placed the biopsy mark more accurately with LCI (82.3% vs. 87.2%, p < 0.001). Again this increase was more profound for the more challenging cases (70.4% vs. 83.4%, p < 0.001). Non-experts indicated to prefer LCI over WLE.

conclusionThe addition of LCI next to WLE improves visualization of EGC. Experts reach higher consensus on discrimination between neoplasia and inflammation when using LCI. Non-experts improve their targeted biopsy placement with the use of LCI. LCI therefore appears to be a useful tool for identification of EGC.

Indexed as

Stomach NeoplasmsEarly Detection of CancerEndoscopyHumansImage EnhancementNarrow Band ImagingEarly gastric cancerLinked color imagingOptical enhancement

Identifiers

PMID35508665
PMCPMC9613584
OpenAlexW4225368755

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.