ArticleScientific reports2022
Course of disease and risk factors for hospitalization in outpatients with a SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Short-term air pollution exposure and COVID-19 pneumonia in New York City: stronger associations among individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Eligibility for Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Among Adults With an Acute Care COVID-19 Encounter: A Retrospective Cohort Study From Alberta, Canada.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2026Article
- AI-driven early infectious disease detection in Dutch primary care using BERT and ERNIE.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Identifying real time surveillance indicators to estimate COVID-19 hospital admissions in Colorado during and after the public health emergency.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Individual use of self-medication and other remedies in COVID-19 outpatients in Western-Pomerania.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
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- Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels predict outcome in COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- A Natural Language Processing Model for COVID-19 Detection Based on Dutch General Practice Electronic Health Records by Using Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers: Development and Validation Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Article
- Experiences and perceptions of COVID-19 infection and vaccination among Palestinian refugees in Jerash camp and Jordanian citizens: a comparative cross-sectional study by face-to-face interviews.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2022Article
- Time-series comparison of COVID-19 case fatality rates across 21 countries with adjustment for multiple covariates.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We analyzed symptoms and comorbidities as predictors of hospitalization in 710 outpatients in North-East Germany with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. During the first 3 days of infection, commonly reported symptoms were fatigue (71.8%), arthralgia/myalgia (56.8%), headache (55.1%), and dry cough (51.8%). Loss of smell (anosmia), loss of taste (ageusia), dyspnea, and productive cough were reported with an onset of 4 days. Anosmia or ageusia were reported by only 18% of the participants at day one, but up to 49% between days 7 and 9. Not all participants who reported ageusia also reported anosmia. Individuals suffering from ageusia without anosmia were at highest risk of hospitalization (OR 6.8, 95% CI 2.5-18.1). They also experienced more commonly dyspnea and nausea (OR of 3.0, 2.9, respectively) suggesting pathophysiological connections between these symptoms. Other symptoms significantly associated with increased risk of hospitalization were dyspnea, vomiting, and fever. Among basic parameters and comorbidities, age > 60 years, COPD, prior stroke, diabetes, kidney and cardiac diseases were also associated with increased risk of hospitalization. In conclusion, due to the delayed onset, ageusia and anosmia may be of limited use in differential diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. However, differentiation between ageusia and anosmia may be useful for evaluating risk for hospitalization.
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