Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35507739›Full record

Trial reportHepatology communications2022

Maralixibat for the treatment of PFIC: Long-term, IBAT inhibition in an open-label, Phase 2 study.

Kathleen M Loomes, Robert H Squires, Deirdre Kelly, Sanjay Rajwal, Nisreen Soufi, Alain Lachaux, Irena Jankowska, Cara Mack, Kenneth D R Setchell, Palaniswamy Karthikeyan and 8 more

Open access · goldAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase II
In one paragraph

Trial report in Hepatology communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Observational
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Recent advances in the management of pediatric cholestatic liver diseases.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. [Progress in the treatment of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2024
    Review
  15. Review
  16. The gut microbiota-bile acid axis in cholestatic liver disease.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 15 institutions in 6 countries.

Kathleen M LoomesDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Robert H SquiresPediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Deirdre KellyLiver Unit, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
Sanjay RajwalLeeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
Nisreen SoufiDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Alain LachauxHepatology and Nutrition Reference Center for Rare Diseases, Children's Hospital of Lyon, HCL, and Claude Bernard Lyon University 1, Lyon, France.
Irena JankowskaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Disorders, and Pediatrics, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
Cara MackPediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Kenneth D R SetchellDivision of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Palaniswamy KarthikeyanLeeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
Ciara KennedyAmplyx Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, California, USA.
Alejandro DorenbaumDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Nirav K DesaiTakeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Will GarnerMirum Pharmaceuticals, Foster City, California, USA.
Thomas JaecklinMirum Pharmaceuticals, Basel, Switzerland.
Pamela VigMirum Pharmaceuticals, Foster City, California, USA.
Alexander MiethkeDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Richard J ThompsonInstitute of Liver Studies, King's College London, London, UK.
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals (United States) · USLeeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust · GBAmplyx Pharmaceuticals (United States) · USChildren's Hospital of Wisconsin · USChildren's Memorial Health Institute · PLCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USKing's College London · GBStanford Medicine · USTakeda (United States) · USUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1 · FRUniversity of Birmingham · GBUniversity of Cincinnati Medical Center · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · USUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center · USUniversity of Southern California · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Children with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, including bile salt export pump (BSEP) and familial intrahepatic cholestasis-associated protein 1 (FIC1) deficiencies, suffer debilitating cholestatic pruritus that adversely affects growth and quality of life (QoL). Reliance on surgical interventions, including liver transplantation, highlights the unmet therapeutic need. INDIGO was an open-label, Phase 2, international, long-term study to assess the efficacy and safety of maralixibat in children with FIC1 or BSEP deficiencies. Thirty-three patients, ranging from 12 months to 18 years of age, were enrolled. Eight had FIC1 deficiency and 25 had BSEP deficiency. Of the latter, 6 had biallelic, protein truncating mutations (t)-BSEP, and 19 had ≥ 1 nontruncating mutation (nt)-BSEP. Patients received maralixibat 266 μg/kg orally, once daily, from baseline to Week 72, with twice-daily dosing permitted from Week 72. Long-term efficacy was determined at Week 240. Serum bile acid (sBA) response (reduction in sBAs of > 75% from baseline or concentrations <102.0 μmol/L) was achieved in 7 patients with nt-BSEP, 6 during once-daily dosing, and 1 after switching to twice-daily dosing. sBA responders also demonstrated marked reductions in sBAs and pruritus, and increases in height, weight, and QoL. All sBA responders remained liver transplant-free after > 5 years. No patients with FIC1 deficiency or t-BSEP deficiency met the sBA responder criteria during the study. Maralixibat was generally well-tolerated throughout the study. Conclusion: Response to maralixibat was dependent on progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis subtype, and 6 of 19 patients with nt-BSEP experienced rapid and sustained reductions in sBA levels. The 7 responders survived with native liver and experienced clinically significant reductions in pruritus and meaningful improvements in growth and QoL. Maralixibat may represent a well-tolerated alternative to surgical intervention.

Indexed as

CholestasisCholestasis, IntrahepaticATP-Binding Cassette TransportersBile Acids and SaltsChildHumansPruritusQuality of LifeATP-Binding Cassette TransportersBile Acids and Salts

Identifiers

PMID35507739
PMCPMC9426380
OpenAlexW4229048487

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.