ReviewPain reports
Postoperative pain treatment after spinal fusion surgery: a systematic review with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses.
Review in Pain reports. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Postoperative Pain Management After Lumbar Discectomy. A Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses and Trial Sequential Analyses.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of ketorolac for postoperative pain management in lumbar spine surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Comparison of modified thoracolumbar interfascial plane and anterior quadratus lumborum blocks for postoperative analgesia and recovery after lumbar transpedicular fixation surgery: a prospective randomized clinical study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Trial
- Liposomal Bupivacaine Infiltration and Postoperative Pain Outcomes in Lumbar Fusion: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of pain research · 2026Trial
- Preoperative oral spicy stimulation for postoperative pain reduction after spinal surgery: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Trial
- Dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to ropivacaine do not prolong analgesia in wound infiltration for lumbar spinal fusion: a prospective randomized controlled study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Trial
- Dynamic versus rigid lumbar fixation: A multimodal comparison of paraspinal muscle morphology, electromyography, and functional outcomes.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Preoperative Oral Clonidine in Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Investigating the Role of Fish Skin Grafts in Treating Complex Posterior Spinal Wounds.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- Comparative effectiveness of intrathecal morphine versus erector spinae plane block for analgesia after scoliosis surgery: a retrospective analysis.Brain & spine · 2026Article
- Continuous Low-dose Epidural Morphine and Ketamine Analgesia Improves Quality of Recovery after Major Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial.Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation · 2025Article
- Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia and Inflammaging in the Management of Spine Pain: The Case for Genetically Directed Dopamine Homeostasis.International journal of spine surgery · 2025Article
- The safety and efficacy of anti-inflammatory-impregnated gelatin sponge in spine surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Asian spine journal · 2024Article
- Development and validation of metrics for assessment of ultrasound-guided fascial block skillsBritish journal of anaesthesia · 2024Article
- Recent Advancements in Epidural Etanercept for Pain Management in Radiculopathy: A Literature Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- Opioid Sparing Analgesics in Spine Surgery.Advances in orthopedics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients undergoing spinal surgery are at high risk of acute and persistent postoperative pain. Therefore, adequate pain relief is crucial. This systematic review aimed to provide answers about best-proven postoperative analgesic treatment for patients undergoing lumbar 1- or 2-level fusions for degenerative spine diseases. We performed a search in PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials. The primary outcome was opioid consumption after 24 hours postoperatively. We performed meta-analyses, trial sequential analyses, and Grading of Recommendations assessment to accommodate systematic errors. Forty-four randomized controlled trials were included with 2983 participants. Five subgroups emerged: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), epidural, ketamine, local infiltration analgesia, and intrathecal morphine. The results showed a significant reduction in opioid consumption for treatment with NSAID (
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.