ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2022
Association between different diabetes medication classes and risk of Parkinson's disease in people with diabetes.
Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and the risk of Parkinson's disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of large-scale real-world data.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Do oral antidiabetic medications alter the risk of Parkinson's disease? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023 · on this mapPooled it
- Genetic variation in antidiabetic drug targets: associations with Parkinson's disease risk and age at onset.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 medicines in neurological and psychiatric disorders.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for major neurocognitive disorders.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2025Review
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Parkinson's Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2024Article
- Frailty and Parkinson's disease: the role of diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors was associated with a lower risk of Parkinson's disease in diabetic patients.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Review
- Cross-Regional Data Initiative for the Assessment and Development of Treatment for Neurological and Mental Disorders.Clinical epidemiology · 2023Article
- Thiazolidinedione use and risk of Parkinson's disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2022Article
- Association between different diabetes medication classes and risk of Parkinson's disease in people with diabetes.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2022Article
- Identification of Drugs Associated with Lower Risk of Parkinson's Disease Using a Systematic Screening Approach in a Nationwide Nested Case-Control Study.Clinical epidemiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeDiabetes has been associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). Diabetes medications have been suggested as a possible explanation, but findings have been inconsistent. More information on the role of exposure in different time windows is needed because PD has long onset. We assessed the association between use of different diabetes medication categories and risk of PD in different exposure periods.
methodsA case-control study restricted to people with diabetes was performed as part of nationwide register-based Finnish study on PD (FINPARK). We included 2017 cases (diagnosed 1999-2015) with PD and 7934 controls without PD. Diabetes medication use was identified from Prescription Register (1995-2015) and categorized to insulins, biguanides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues and glinide. Exposure for each medication class was determined as none, at least 3 years before outcome and only within the three-year lag time before PD outcome.
resultsThe use of insulins, biguanides, sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 analogues or glinides was not associated with PD. Use of TZDs before lag time compared to non-use of TZDs (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.78; 95% Confidence interval (CI) 0.64-0.95) was associated with decreased risk of PD.
conclusionsOur nationwide case-control study of people with diabetes found no robust evidence on the association between specific diabetes medication classes and risk of PD. Consistent with earlier studies, TZD use was associated with slightly decreased risk of PD. The mechanism for this should be verified in further studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.