ArticlePediatrics2022
Gender Identity 5 Years After Social Transition.
Article in Pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- What do measures of gender identity tell us about gender identity over time?The British journal of developmental psychology · 2025Pooled it
- GENDER-Q Youth Patient-Reported Outcome Measure: Protocol for an International Cross-Sectional Field Test Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Demographic and Clinical Features of Early-Onset versus Late-Onset Gender Dysphoria Among Adolescent and Young Adult Birth-Assigned Females.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Article
- Education about gender development predicts support for transgender youth's gender identity autonomy.Communications psychology · 2026Article
- Gender-affirming psychiatry: a minority stress and phenomenological framework for child and adolescent mental health.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026Article
- Operationalising social transition in trans and gender diverse youth: a scoping review of definitions and measures.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Locally relevant, ethically urgent: Defending SASOP's stance on transgender and non-binary youth.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2026Article
- Commentary: Chilean gender identity support program in children and adolescents: review of a public health policy.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The evolution of pediatric transgender healthcare in Flanders: Trends in referrals, intakes and gender-affirming interventions over the last 15 years.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- Rapid review of gender-affirming healthcare for children and adolescents: Evidence synthesis (2021-2025) and recommendations for South Africa.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2026Review
- Rapid Review of Gender-Affirming Healthcare for Children and Adolescents: Evidence Synthesis (2021-2025) and Recommendations for South Africa.Research square · 2025Article
- The Cass Review and Gender-Related Care for Young People in Canada: A Commentary on the Canadian Paediatric Society Position Statement on Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Cass Review does not guide care for trans young people.The Medical journal of Australia · 2025Article
- Gender Identity and Gender-Related Medical Outcomes of Autistic Young Adults Who Experienced Transgender Identity as Adolescents.Transgender health · 2025Article
- Stability and Change in Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation Across Childhood and Adolescence.Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · 2025Article
- Gender identity importance in cisgender and gender diverse adolescents in the US and Canada.The British journal of developmental psychology · 2025Article
- Supporting Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender Diverse Youth During Solid Organ Transplantation.Pediatric transplantation · 2025Review
- The Cass Review: Cis-supremacy in the UK's approach to healthcare for trans children.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- A call for SASOP to review their position on the care of 'transgender and non-binary youth'.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2025Article
- Principlism and contemporary ethical considerations for providers of transgender health care.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesConcerns about early childhood social transitions among transgender youth include that these youth may later change their gender identification (ie, retransition), a process that could be distressing. The current study aimed to provide the first estimate of retransitioning and to report the current gender identities of youth an average of 5 years after their initial social transitions.
methodsThe current study examined the rate of retransition and current gender identities of 317 initially transgender youth (208 transgender girls, 109 transgender boys; M = 8.1 years at start of study) participating in a longitudinal study, the Trans Youth Project. Data were reported by youth and their parents through in-person or online visits or via e-mail or phone correspondence.
resultsWe found that an average of 5 years after their initial social transition, 7.3% of youth had retransitioned at least once. At the end of this period, most youth identified as binary transgender youth (94%), including 1.3% who retransitioned to another identity before returning to their binary transgender identity. A total of 2.5% of youth identified as cisgender and 3.5% as nonbinary. Later cisgender identities were more common among youth whose initial social transition occurred before age 6 years; their retransitions often occurred before age 10 years.
conclusionsThese results suggest that retransitions are infrequent. More commonly, transgender youth who socially transitioned at early ages continued to identify that way. Nonetheless, understanding retransitions is crucial for clinicians and families to help make retransitions as smooth as possible for youth.
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