ReviewBMC public health2022
Access to health services among culturally and linguistically diverse populations in the Australian universal health care system: issues and challenges.
Review in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 171 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
171 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Social Isolation and Loneliness Among Older Asian Immigrants Through the Lens of Sense of Coherence: Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies.Journal of advanced nursing · 2026Pooled it
- Ethical Conduct of Research with Migrants and Refugees: A Systematic Qualitative Review of Ethics Guidelines.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Facilitators and Challenges as Perceived by Dental Service Providers in the Provision of Oral Healthcare for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Populations.Community dentistry and oral epidemiology · 2026Pooled it
- Realist review: understanding the challenges of medicine optimisation among older people from ethnic minority communities with polypharmacy in primary care.BMC geriatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Facilitators and barriers of lung cancer screening participation: umbrella and systematic review of the global evidence.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Strategies to improve telehealth access for culturally and linguistically diverse communities: a systematic review.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Healthcare Service Utilisation Across Continuum of Care for Type 2 Diabetes Among Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Populations: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring risk assessment tools for medicine-related problems among culturally and linguistically diverse patients in Australia: a systematic review.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
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- Cultural inclusivity and diversity in dementia friendly communities: An integrative review.Dementia (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Exploring CALD and Non-CALD Women's Behavioral and Dietary Responses to a Low-Intensity Intervention for Gestational Diabetes.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Health information priorities and recommendations: findings from community listening sessions with women of refugee background from Myanmar in Western Australia.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2026Article
- The Role of Culture, Religion, and Spirituality on the Mental Health of Africans in Australia.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Review
- Strengthening Preventive Care for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse People in Australia: The Case for Community Health Worker Programs.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026Article
- Access to Supportive Care Among Australian Cancer Carers: Experiences of Priority Populations.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
- The links between adolescent health and education: pathways, impacts and economic modelling.Health policy and planning · 2026Article
- Using cognitive interviews with children to test the content validity of a paediatric patient reported experience measure.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Brain-Hype and For-Profit Medical Devices.Journal of bioethical inquiry · 2026Article
111 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAbout half of first- or second-generation Australians are born overseas, and one-in-five speak English as their second language at home which often are referred to as Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) populations. These people have varied health needs and face several barriers in accessing health services. Nevertheless, there are limited studies that synthesised these challenges. This study aimed to explore issues and challenges in accessing health services among CALD populations in Australia.
methodsWe conducted a scoping review of the literature published from 1
resultsA total of 64 studies were included in the final review. Several challenges at various levels were identified to influence access to health services utilisation. Individual and family level challenges were related to interacting social and health conditions, poor health literacy, multimorbidity, diminishing healthy migrants' effect. Community and organisational level challenges were acculturation leading to unhealthy food behaviours and lifestyles, language and communication problems, inadequate interpretation services, and poor cultural competency of providers. Finally, challenges at systems and policy levels included multiple structural disadvantages and vulnerabilities, inadequate health systems and services to address the needs of CALD populations.
conclusionsPeople from CALD backgrounds have multiple interacting social factors and diseases, low access to health services, and face challenges in the multilevel health and social systems. Health systems and services need to focus on treating multimorbidity through culturally appropriate health interventions that can effectively prevent and control diseases. Existing health services can be strengthened by ensuring multilingual health resources and onsite interpreters. Addressing structural challenges needs a holistic policy intervention such as improving social determinants of health (e.g., improving living and working conditions and reducing socioeconomic disparities) of CALD populations, which requires a high level political commitment.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.