ArticleBMC infectious diseases2022
Comparison of the clinical presentation across two waves of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 as the occupational disease in employees of the University Hospital Ostrava.Central European journal of public health · 2025Article
- The Effect of Naturally Acquired Immunity on Mortality Predictors: A Focus on Individuals with New Coronavirus.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Long-term outcomes of older adults with acute COVID-19 following inpatient geriatric rehabilitation: a prospective cohort study from the Republic of Ireland.Irish journal of medical science · 2024Article
- COVID-19 in three waves in a tertiary referral hospital in Belgium: a comparison of patient characteristics, management, and outcome.Virology journal · 2024Observational
- Community antibiotic prescribing in patients with COVID-19 across three pandemic waves: a population-based study in Scotland, UK.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Analysis and clinical determinants of post-COVID-19 syndrome in the Lombardy region: evidence from a longitudinal cohort study.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Article
- Difference in presentation, outcomes, and hospital epidemiologic trend of COVID-19 among first, second, and third waves: a review of hospital records and prospective cohort study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Comparative subgenomic mRNA profiles of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Delta and Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 sub-lineages using Danish COVID-19 genomic surveillance data.EBioMedicine · 2023Article
- Comparative Study of the Myocardium of Patients from Four COVID-19 Waves.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Predictors and moderators of COVID-19 pandemic fatigue in Hong Kong.Journal of infection and public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Insights from comparison of the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in an Italian internal medicine ward during first and third wave.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Factors associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) and mortality in COVID-19 patients in a Sub-Saharan African intensive care unit: a single-center prospective study.Renal failure · 2023Article
- Evolution of in-hospital patient characteristics and predictors of death in the COVID-19 pandemic across four waves: are they moving targets with implications for patient care?Frontiers in public health · 2023Observational
- The Impact of Demographic, Clinical Characteristics and the Various COVID-19 Variant Types on All-Cause Mortality: A Case-Series Retrospective Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The relationship between C-reactive protein and levels of various cytokines in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and correlation analysis.Health science reports · 2022Article
- The effect of prescribing vitamin D analogues and serum vitamin D status on both contracting COVID-19 and clinical outcomes in kidney dialysis patients'.Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2022Observational
- COVID-19 in Iran: clinical presentations and outcomes in three different surges of COVID-19 infection.Virology journal · 2022Article
- Comparing the first and second waves of COVID-19 in a tertiary university hospital in Barcelona.F1000Research · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOnly a few studies have performed comprehensive comparisons between hospitalized patients from different waves of COVID-19. Thus, we aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and laboratory data of patients admitted to the western part of Denmark during the first and second waves of COVID-19 in 2020. Furthermore, we aimed to identify risk factors for critical COVID-19 disease and to describe the available information on the sources of infection.
methodsWe performed a retrospective study of medical records from 311 consecutive hospitalized patients, 157 patients from wave 1 and 154 patients from wave 2. The period from March 7 to June 30, 2020, was considered wave 1, and the period from July 1st to December 31, 2020, was considered wave 2. Data are presented as the total study population, as a comparison between waves 1 and 2, and as a comparison between patients with and without critical COVID-19 disease (nonsurvivors and patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU)).
resultsPatients admitted during the first COVID-19 wave experienced a more severe course of disease than patients admitted during wave 2. Admissions to the ICU and fatal disease were significantly higher among patients admitted during wave 1 compared to wave 2. The percentage of patients infected at hospital decreased in wave 2 compared to wave 1, whereas more patients were infected at home during wave 2. We found no significant differences in sociodemographics, lifestyle information, or laboratory data in the comparison of patients from waves 1 and 2. However, age, sex, smoking status, comorbidities, fever, and dyspnea were identified as risk factors for critical COVID-19 disease. Furthermore, we observed significantly increased levels of C-reactive protein and creatinine, and lower hemoglobin levels among patients with critical disease.
conclusionsAt admission, patients were more severely ill during wave 1 than during wave 2, and the outcomes were worse during wave 1. We confirmed previously identified risk factors for critical COVID-19 disease. In addition, we found that most COVID-19 infections were acquired at home.
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