ArticleThe British journal of developmental psychology2022
Infant behavioural effects of smartphone interrupted parent-infant interaction.
Article in The British journal of developmental psychology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Early Childhood Screen Use Contexts and Cognitive and Psychosocial Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Screen Time, Nature, and Development: Baseline of the Randomized Controlled Study "Screen-free till 3".Developmental science · 2025Trial
- Maternal Smartphone Use and Regulatory Disorders of the Infant: A Post Hoc Analysis of the SKKIPPI Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- "I Haven't Had Anyone Talk to Me About Phone Use, At All": Primiparous Mothers' Conversations About Smartphone Use While Caregiving.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Parent social media use and gaming on mobile phones, technoference in family time, and parenting stress.Psychology of popular media · 2025Article
- Analysis of the impact of parents' electronic screen time habits, young children's screen exposure and parent-child interaction on language development delay in young children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Bedtime routine.Sleep and biological rhythms · 2024Article
- Article
- Infant behavioural effects of smartphone interrupted parent-infant interaction.The British journal of developmental psychology · 2022Article
- Exploring the Relationship Between Maternal Wellbeing, Infant Development, Smartphone Use, and Mother-Infant Responsiveness.Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant StudiesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Infants are vulnerable to changes in the dyadic synchrony with their caregivers, as demonstrated in numerous experiments employing the still-face paradigm. The sudden lack of attunement causes infant stress reactions and the still-face literature have suggested potential long-term costs of this in terms of development of social, emotional and cognitive skills. Acknowledging the rapid technological development accompanied by altered practices in the parent-infant interaction, the current study investigates infant behavioural reactions in a similar experimental paradigm, manipulating parental responsiveness and sensitivity in a slightly different manner. In the current study, the parent interrupts the ongoing interaction, simulating occupation with a smartphone, rather than making a 'still-face'. In a cross-sectional design, infants of six, nine and twelve months display increased levels of protest behaviour in response to the interrupted interaction with their parent, together with lowered levels of positive engagement and social monitoring, suggesting similar behavioural responses as the still-face effect. Implications for infant social and emotional development, as well as for mindful tech habits are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.