ArticleDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2022
Clinical Features and Vitreous Biomarkers of Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.
Article in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preoperative anti-VEGF and the cumulative risk of post-operative vitreous hemorrhage in PDR: a 2-year survival analysis and evaluation of surgical burden.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2026Article
- BMP1 inhibitor UK383367 improves MI-induced cardiac remodeling and fibrosis in mice via ameliorating macrophage polarization and mitochondrial dysfunction.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Association between age at diabetes diagnosis and the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Transcriptional patterns of human retinal pigment epithelial cells under protracted high glucose.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Relaxation of mitochondrial hyperfusion in the diabetic retina via N6-furfuryladenosine confers neuroprotection regardless of glycaemic status.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Complications and Treatment of Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
- Elucidating glial responses to products of diabetes-associated systemic dyshomeostasis.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2023Review
- Variability of Replicates of Intraocular Inflammatory Biomarkers in Ocular Fluid Samples Analyzed with Multiplex Assays.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- Novel biomarkers and therapeutic approaches for diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy: Recent progress and future perspectives.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the clinical features and vitreous biomarkers of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) between patients with early-onset and late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods: This case-control study analyzed the clinical data of 74 patients with PDR who underwent vitrectomy. The patients were divided into the early-onset (T2DM diagnosis age ≤ 40 years, n = 39) and late-onset (T2DM diagnosis age > 40 years, n = 35) groups. Thirty-six specimens were collected, and the liquid chip technology was used to detect the content of 27 types of cytokines in the vitreous. Differences in clinical features and cytokine levels between the two groups were evaluated. Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons. Results: Compared with the late-onset group, the levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and total cholesterol were significantly higher in the early-onset group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively). Patients with early-onset T2DM PDR had worse visual prognoses and a higher rate of postoperative recurrent vitreous hemorrhage. The results of cytokine detection showed that the levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interferon-γ, interferon-inducible 10 kDa, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, and MIP-1β in the early-onset group were significantly higher than those in the late-onset group (p < 0.0026). Age at diabetes diagnosis and HbA1c, IL-4, and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted levels were independent risk factors for visual acuity after undergoing vitrectomy. Conclusion: Early-onset T2DM PDR patients had poor blood glucose and lipid metabolism, higher levels of inflammatory factors, and worse visual prognosis. Stricter metabolic management and earlier anti-inflammatory interventions may be required for patients with early-onset T2DM.
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