SynthesisEye (London, England)2023
The cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship of diabetic retinopathy to cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Eye (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary patterns and exploratory gut microbiota profiles associated with diabetic retinopathy and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- Association Between Hormone Levels and Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- The Diabetic Cognitive Impairment Score for Early Screening of Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes Patients.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
- Value proposition of retinal imaging in Alzheimer's disease screening: A review of eight evolving trends.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2024Review
- Cognitive dysfunction in diabetes-related foot complications: A cohort study.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo establish a potential relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and different stages of cognitive impairment
methodsLiterature searches were conducted on PubMed and EMBASE, with keywords "diabetic retinopathy" and "cognitive impairment". Inclusion criteria were original human studies, and English language. Quality of studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment (NOSGEN). The register number of this study on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) is CRD42021236747. The main outcome measures were odds ratios (OR) and risk ratios (RR) for cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, respectively. Meta-regression was performed to evaluate the effects of potential moderator variables, including, age, onset age of diabetes mellitus (DM), duration of DM, and HbA1c.
resultsTwenty-five studies (17 cross-sectional and 8 longitudinal studies) with a total of 1,963,914 subjects, were included. Among the cross-sectional studies, the pooled ORs of any cognitive impairment, early stage of cognitive impairment and dementia in subjects with DR (95% confidence interval) were 1.48 (1.08-2.02), 1.59 (1.01-2.51), and 1.13 (0.86-1.50), respectively. Among the longitudinal studies, the pooled RRs of any cognitive impairment, early stage of cognitive impairment, and dementia in subjects with DR (95% confidence interval) were 1.35 (1.12-1.65), 1.50 (1.06-2.12), and 1.31 (1.03-1.66), respectively. Meta-regression showed age, onset age of DM, duration of DM, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were not statistically associated with the outcomes.
conclusionsThe presence of DR in DM patients indicates both higher odds of prevalent cognitive impairment and escalated risks of developing cognitive impairment in the future.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.