ReviewFrontiers in plant science2022
Phytoene Synthase: The Key Rate-Limiting Enzyme of Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Plants.
Review in Frontiers in plant science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metabolic unlocking of lycopene accumulation in the oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula toruloides.Biotechnology letters · 2026Article
- Turning over a green leaf: integrating light signals toward chloroplast establishment.Plant physiology · 2026Review
- Metabolism and regulation of chlorophyll and carotenoids in tomato fruits.Horticulture research · 2026Article
- Effects of preharvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) spraying on delaying peel-color change and expression of carotenogenic genes in COScientific reports · 2026Article
- Comparative Structural Modeling Suggests Distinct Signatures of Conformational Plasticity and Surface Physicochemistry in Phytoene Synthase and Dehydrosqualene Synthase.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic Insights into Paclobutrazol-Induced Modulation of Metabolic and Signaling Pathways During Microtuberization of PotatoInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Research progress on the regulatory mechanisms of the PSY promoter.Transgenic research · 2026Review
- A Novel Dual-Target Compound Designed With Potent Herbicidal and Fungicidal Activity Inspired by Conserved Phytoene Synthase Domains.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Crop biofortification for global food security: advances in genetic engineering and biotechnological approaches.Plant molecular biology · 2026Review
- Comparative transcriptomics and targeted metabolomics reveal mechanisms of leaf greenness retention during tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) air-curing.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Rab geranylgeranyl transferase activity is required for proper sterol biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.Plant & cell physiology · 2026Article
- Carotenoid aggregates negatively impact chlorophyll levels and disrupt chloroplast development in peaches.Molecular horticulture · 2026Article
- A Chemical Probe for Increasing Leaf Tocopherol Levels by Coordinated Modulation of Biosynthesis, Competition and Storage.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Optimization of light spectrum and intensity to enhance growth and metabolite profiles in green and purple radish microgreens cultivated in a vertical farming system.Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 2026Article
- Gene and genome duplications have contrasting impacts on biosynthetic and flower developmental pathways in California poppy.The Plant cell · 2026Article
- Synthetic Biology and Metabolic Engineering of Microalgae for Sustainable Lipid and Terpenoid Production: An Updated Perspective.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Review
- Carotenoid biosynthesis in Prunus species: from pathway and accumulation structure to diverse pigmentation.Molecular horticulture · 2026Review
- Diversification of tobacco phytoene-synthase-encoding genes coordinates carotenoid flux, strigolactone biosynthesis, and cold responses.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- An attapulgite-Bacillus amyloliquefaciens biocontrol agent increases growth and medicinal metabolite content in Angelica sinensis by modulating hormonal and phenylpropanoid pathways.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Natural Ageing-Related Alterations of Biological Markers in Maize Seeds Under Ex-Situ Conservation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phytoene synthase (PSY) catalyzes the first committed step in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and is a major rate-limiting enzyme of carotenogenesis. PSY is highly regulated by various regulators and factors to modulate carotenoid biosynthesis in response to diverse developmental and environmental cues. Because of its critical role in controlling the total amount of synthesized carotenoids, PSY has been extensively investigated and engineered in plant species. However, much remains to be learned on its multifaceted regulatory control and its catalytic efficiency for carotenoid enrichment in crops. Here, we present current knowledge on the basic biology, the functional evolution, the dynamic regulation, and the metabolic engineering of PSY. We also discuss the open questions and gaps to stimulate additional research on this most studied gene/enzyme in the carotenogenic pathway.
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