Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35494185›Full record

ArticleJournal of contemporary brachytherapy2022

3D printing of individual skin brachytherapy applicator: design, manufacturing, and early clinical results.

Grzegorz Bielęda, Adam Chicheł, Marek Boehlke, Grzegorz Zwierzchowski, Artur Chyrek, Wojciech Burchardt, Patrycja Stefaniak, Natalia Wiśniewska, Kinga Czereba, Julian Malicki

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of contemporary brachytherapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Tailored contact brachytherapy for challenging facial basal cell carcinomas: clinical results of 3D printing technology implementation.Reports of practical oncology and radiotherapy : journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology · 2026
    Article
  4. Chronic radiation-induced dermatitis: what is new in 2024? A narrative review.Reports of practical oncology and radiotherapy : journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Advantages of 3D printed patient-individual moulds in brachytherapy for facial skin cancer.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Brachytherapy and 3D printing for skin cancer: A review paper.Journal of contemporary brachytherapy · 2024
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Grzegorz BielędaElectroradiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan', Poland.
Adam ChichełBrachytherapy Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan', Poland.
Marek BoehlkeMedical Physics Department, West Pomeranian Oncology Center, Szczecin, Poland.
Grzegorz ZwierzchowskiElectroradiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan', Poland.
Artur ChyrekBrachytherapy Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan', Poland.
Wojciech BurchardtElectroradiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan', Poland.
Patrycja StefaniakMedical Physics Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan', Poland.
Natalia WiśniewskaMedical Physics Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan', Poland.
Kinga CzerebaBrachytherapy Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan', Poland.
Julian MalickiElectroradiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan', Poland.
Greater Poland Cancer Center · PLPoznan University of Medical Sciences · PLPomeranian Medical University · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: One of the main challenges in facial region brachytherapy is fixation of vendor-delivered standard applicators. Reproducibility can be maintained; however, there are frequent problems with applicator fitting to the skin surface in pleated regions. Manually prepared individual moulds require technological facilities and highly-trained staff. This article presents 3D-printed applicator preparation for a particular patient skin brachytherapy, using low-cost equipment and free software. We described applicator preparation in a step-by-step workflow. Material and methods: This study demonstrated preparation of a skin brachytherapy applicator for a challenging recurrent tumor located in the nose bridge. During first visit of patient, fiducial markers were placed to enclose treated region. Patient was computed tomography (CT)-scanned, and reconstruction of target volume and surrounding organs at risk (OARs) were performed using treatment planning system (TPS). In TPS on patient's surface, a 1-cm thick bolus was added as a body of applicator. Inside the bolus, source paths were designed, and pre-plan was prepared. Using Beben - DICOM to standard triangle language (STL) software, the body of applicator and source-paths from pre-planning was transformed into an STL file, which was used as a solid definition in 3D printing. Results: The printed applicator fitted very well, and its' placement was quickly consistent regarding placing and securing. CTV was slightly broader in treatment plan (0.34 cm Conclusions: A low-cost 3D printer and widely available PLA filaments seem feasible to produce individual contact applicators for skin brachytherapy. Beben - DICOM to STL software and presented workflow appear to be convenient and simple tool.

Indexed as

3D printingindividual applicatorskin brachytherapy

Identifiers

PMID35494185
PMCPMC9044311
OpenAlexW4225319304

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.