ArticleFrontiers in oncology2022
Radioisotope-Guided Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Penile Cancer: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-Term Follow-Up of the Reliability, Accuracy, and Morbidity of Dynamic Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients with Intermediate- and High-Risk Penile Cancer and Clinically Negative Lymph Node Status.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Predicting inguinal lymph node metastasis in penile squamous cell carcinoma, from imaging, molecular biomarkers to multimodal AI: a narrative review.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Review
- New EAU/ASCO guideline recommendations on sentinel node biopsy for penile cancer and remaining challenges from a nuclear medicine perspective.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Lymph node (LN) management is critical for survival in patients with penile cancer. However, radical inguinal lymphadenectomy carries a high risk of postoperative complications such as lymphedema, lymphocele, wound infection, and skin necrosis. The European Association of Urology guidelines therefore recommend invasive LN staging by modified inguinal lymphadenectomy or dynamic sentinel node biopsy (DSNB) in clinically node-negative patients (cN0) with intermediate- and high-risk tumors (≥ T1G2). However, the timing of DSNB (simultaneous vs. subsequent to partial or total penile resection) is controversial and the low incidence of penile cancer means that data on the long-term outcomes of DSNB are limited. The present study aimed to analyze the reliability and morbidity of DSNB in patients with penile cancer during long-term follow-up. This retrospective study included 41 patients (76 groins) who underwent radioisotope-guided DSNB simultaneously or secondarily after penile surgery from June 2004 to November 2018. In total, 193 sentinel LNs (SLNs) and 39 non-SLNs were removed. The median number of dissected LNs was 2.5 (interquartile range 2-4). Histopathological analysis showed that five of the 76 groins (6.6%) contained metastases. None of the non-SLNs were tumor-positive. In accordance with the guidelines, all inguinal regions with positive SLNs underwent secondary radical inguinal lymphadenectomy, which revealed three additional metastases in one groin. Regional LN recurrence was detected in three patients (four groins) during a median follow-up of 70 months, including two patients in whom DSNB had been performed secondarily after repetitive penile tumor resections. DSNB-related complications occurred in 15.8% of groins. Most complications were mild (Clavien-Dindo grade I; 50%) or moderate (II; 25%), and invasive intervention was only required in 3.9% of groins (IIIa:
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