Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35491774›Full record

ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2022

Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Different Dementia Disorders: A Large-Scale Study of 10,000 Individuals.

Emilia Schwertner, Joana B Pereira, Hong Xu, Juraj Secnik, Bengt Winblad, Maria Eriksdotter, Katarina Nägga, Dorota Religa

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
85citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
18.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

85 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 134 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. The prevalence of apathy in Lewy body dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Facial Emotion Recognition Ability May Improve in Alzheimer Disease: A Pilot Study.Cognitive and behavioral neurology : official journal of the Society for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology · 2026
    Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Article
  11. Agitation in dementia: Evidence-based consensus recommendations.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2026
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Glial Cells in Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Potential of ASCOT-Carer for evaluating the quality of life of family caregivers for patients with Alzheimer's disease in Japan.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Emilia SchwertnerCenter for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Department of Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
Joana B PereiraCenter for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Department of Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
Hong XuCenter for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Department of Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
Juraj SecnikCenter for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Department of Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
Bengt WinbladCenter for Alzheimer Research, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
Maria EriksdotterCenter for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Department of Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
Katarina NäggaClinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Dorota ReligaCenter for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Department of Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
Karolinska Institutet · SEKarolinska University Hospital · SELinköping University · SELund University · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe majority of individuals with dementia will suffer from behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). These symptoms contribute to functional impairment and caregiver burden.

objectiveTo characterize BPSD in Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), mixed (Mixed) dementia, Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and unspecified dementia in individuals residing in long-term care facilities.

methodsWe included 10,405 individuals with dementia living in long-term care facilities from the Swedish registry for cognitive/dementia disorders (SveDem) and the Swedish BPSD registry. BPSD was assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Nursing Home Version (NPI-NH). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between dementia diagnoses and different BPSDs.

resultsThe most common symptoms were aberrant motor behavior, agitation, and irritability. Compared to AD, we found a lower risk of delusions (in FTD, unspecified dementia), hallucinations (FTD), agitation (VaD, PDD, unspecified dementia), elation/euphoria (DLB), anxiety (Mixed, VaD, unspecified dementia), disinhibition (in PDD), irritability (in DLB, FTD, unspecified dementia), aberrant motor behavior (Mixed, VaD, unspecified dementia), and sleep and night-time behavior changes (unspecified dementia). Higher risk of delusions (DLB), hallucinations (DLB, PDD), apathy (VaD, FTD), disinhibition (FTD), and appetite and eating abnormalities (FTD) were also found in comparison to AD.

conclusionAlthough individuals in our sample were diagnosed with different dementia disorders, they all exhibited aberrant motor behavior, agitation, and irritability. This suggests common underlying psychosocial or biological mechanisms. We recommend prioritizing these symptoms while planning interventions in long-term care facilities.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseDementia, VascularFrontotemporal DementiaParkinson DiseaseBehavioral SymptomsHallucinationsHumansAberrant motor behavioragingagitationAlzheimer’s diseasebehavioral and psychological symptoms of dementiabehavioral problemdementiairritabilityNeuropsychiatric Inventorynursing homes

Identifiers

PMID35491774
PMCPMC9198804
OpenAlexW4225319962

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.