ArticleJornal de pediatria
Rhinovirus as the main co-circulating virus during the COVID-19 pandemic in children.
Article in Jornal de pediatria. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Leveraging perturbations to infer the population dynamics of human rhinovirus and interaction of influenza A virus.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Two-Year Pathogen Dynamics, Coinfection Features, and Core Risk Factors Associated With Severe Pediatric Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Hangzhou, China.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Observational
- Article
- Leveraging perturbations to infer the population dynamics of human rhinovirus and interaction of influenza A virus.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Tuberculosis notifications among children and young adolescents, 2008-2019 compared to 2020-2023, Brazil.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2026Article
- Association of preterm birth with severity of molecularly-confirmed acute viral respiratory illness presenting to the emergency department: a multi-year analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Genotypic Diversity of Human Rhinovirus in Children with Pneumonia Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Respiratory admissions and impact of COVID-19 lockdowns for children with severe cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2025Observational
- Respiratory virus circulation during pandemic: Why were some viruses still circulating?Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Review
- Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Respiratory Viruses in Hospitalized Iranian Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Article
- Hidden in plain sight: the impact of human rhinovirus infection in adults.Respiratory research · 2025Review
- Epidemiology, Clinical Significance, and Diagnosis of Respiratory Viruses and Their Co-Infections in the Post-COVID Era.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Identification ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genomic Epidemiology and Evolution of Rhinovirus in Western Washington State, 2021-2022.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Exploring the respiratory viral landscape beyond influenza and SARS-CoV-2: a 2020-2023 study in Fujian, China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Influence of respiratory disease experiences on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance: a study from Southeastern Louisiana.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Viral coinfection in hospitalized patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in Southern Brazil: a retrospective cohort study.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Reduction of acute respiratory infections in day-care by non-pharmaceutical interventions: a narrative review.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveChanges in the epidemiology of respiratory infections during the restrictions imposed as a response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have been reported elsewhere. The present study's aim was to describe the prevalence of a large array of respiratory pathogens in symptomatic children and adolescents during the pandemic in Southern Brazil.
methodsHospitalized and outpatients aged 2 months to 18 years with signs and symptoms of acute COVID-19 were prospectively enrolled in the study from May to November 2020 in two hospitals in a large metropolitan area in a Brazilian city. All participants performed a real-time PCR panel assessing 20 respiratory pathogens (three bacteria and 17 viruses).
results436 participants were included, with 45 of these hospitalized. Rhinovirus was the most prevalent pathogen (216/436) followed by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, 97/436), with a coinfection of these two viruses occurring in 31/436 participants. The remaining pathogens were found in 24 symptomatic participants (adenovirus, n = 6; Chlamydophila pneumoniae, n = 1; coronavirus NL63, n = 2; human enterovirus, n = 7; human metapneumovirus, n = 2; Mycoplasma pneumoniae, n = 6). Hospitalization was more common among infants (p = 0.004) and those with pathogens other than SARS-CoV-2 (p = 0.001).
conclusionDuring the period of social distancing in response to COVID-19, the prevalence of most respiratory pathogens was unusually low. Rhinovirus remained as the main virus co-circulating with SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 in symptomatic children was less associated with hospitalization than with other respiratory infections in children and adolescents.
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