Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35490556›Full record

ArticleEBioMedicine2022

Evidence of immunometabolic dysregulation and airway dysbiosis in athletes susceptible to respiratory illness.

Leah Cuthbertson, Scarlett E G Turner, Anna Jackson, Craig Ranson, Mike Loosemore, Peter Kelleher, Miriam F Moffatt, William O C Cookson, James H Hull, Anand Shah

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in EBioMedicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Leah CuthbertsonNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Scarlett E G TurnerDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Anna JacksonEnglish Institute of Sport, UK.
Craig RansonEnglish Institute of Sport, UK.
Mike LoosemoreThe Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College Hospital London, London, UK; English Institute of Sport, UK.
Peter KelleherDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Miriam F MoffattNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
William O C CooksonNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
James H HullNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; The Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College Hospital London, London, UK; English Institute of Sport, UK.
Anand ShahDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; MRC Centre of Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK. Electronic address: s.anand@imperial.ac.uk.
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust · GBImperial College London · GBEnglish Institute of Sport · GBUniversity College Hospital · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/R015600/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRespiratory tract infection (RTI) is a leading cause of training and in-competition time-loss in athlete health. The immune factors associated with RTI susceptibility remain unclear. In this study, we prospectively characterise host immune factors in elite athletes exhibiting RTI susceptibility.

methodsPeripheral blood lymphocyte flow cytometry phenotyping and 16S rRNA microbial sequencing of oropharyngeal swabs was performed in a prospective elite athlete cohort study (n = 121). Mass cytometry, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) stimulation and plasma metabolic profiling was performed in age-matched highly-susceptible (HS) athletes (≥4RTI in last 18 months) (n = 22) compared to non-susceptible (NS) (≤1RTI in last 18 months) (n = 23) athletes. Findings were compared to non-athletic healthy controls (HC) (n = 19).

findingsAthletes (n = 121) had a reduced peripheral blood memory T regulatory cell compartment compared to HC (p = 0.02 (95%CI:0.1,1.0)) and reduced upper airway bacterial biomass compared to HC (p = 0.032, effect size r = 0.19). HS athletes (n = 22) had lower circulating memory T regulatory cells compared to NS (n = 23) athletes (p = 0.005 (95%CI:-1.5,-0.15)) and HC (p = 0.002 (95%CI:-1.9,-0.3) with PBMC microbial stimulation assays revealing a T-helper 2 skewed immune response compared to HC. Plasma metabolomic profiling showed differences in sphingolipid pathway metabolites (a class of lipids important in infection and inflammation regulation) in HS compared to NS athletes and HC, with sphingomyelin predictive of RTI infection susceptibility (p = 0.005).

interpretationAthletes susceptible to RTI have reduced circulating memory T regulatory cells, metabolic dysregulation of the sphingolipid pathway and evidence of upper airway bacterial dysbiosis.

fundingThis study was funded by the English Institute of Sport (UK).

Indexed as

Leukocytes, MononuclearRespiratory Tract InfectionsAthletesCohort StudiesDysbiosisHumansInfantProspective StudiesRNA, Ribosomal, 16SSphingolipidsRNA, Ribosomal, 16SSphingolipidsExerciseMicrobiomeRespiratory tract infectionSphingolipidT regulatory cell

Identifiers

PMID35490556
PMCPMC9062742
OpenAlexW4225116980

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.