SynthesisGlobal health research and policy2022
Reinfection in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Global health research and policy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Risk Factors Contributing to Reinfection by SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Incidence and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in the pre-Omicron era: A global systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2023Pooled it
- Global prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 reinfection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- Reinfection in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review.Global health research and policy · 2022Pooled it
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- Liver-Related COVID-19 Consequences: Dynamics of Liver Health in 2.5 Years.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
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- Modeling the effectiveness of RT-PCR, RT-LAMP, and antigen testing strategies for COVID-19 control.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Integrated antibody language model accelerates IgG screening and design for broad-spectrum antiviral therapy.iScience · 2025Article
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- Evaluation of the Mutational Preferences Throughout the Whole Genome of the Identified Variants of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus Isolates in Bangladesh.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- SIRI+Q model with a limited capacity of isolation.Theory in biosciences = Theorie in den Biowissenschaften · 2025Article
- Coronavirus Disease 2019 Symptoms by Immunity Status and Predominant-Variant Period Among US Blood Donors.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Reinfections in the City of São Paulo, Brazil: Prevalence and Socioeconomic Factors.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Leveraging Large Language Models for Infectious Disease Surveillance-Using a Web Service for Monitoring COVID-19 Patterns From Self-Reporting Tweets: Content Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Predictors for Anxiety and Stress in Long COVID: A Study in the Brazilian Population.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Next generation sequencing of multiple SARS-CoV-2 infections in the Omicron Era.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate before and after VOC Omicron emergence: a retrospective study in Brazil.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection Risk by Vaccine Doses and Prior Infections Over 24 Months: ProHEpiC-19 Longitudinal Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWith the continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic, some COVID-19 patients have become reinfected with the virus. Viral gene sequencing has found that some of these patients were reinfected by the different and others by same strains. This has raised concerns about the effectiveness of immunity after infection and the reliability of vaccines. To this end, we conducted a systematic review to assess the characteristics of patients with reinfection and possible causes.
methodsA systematic search was conducted across eight databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, VIP and SinoMed from December 1, 2019 to September 1, 2021. The quality of included studies were assessed using JBI critical appraisal tools and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
resultsThis study included 50 studies from 20 countries. There were 118 cases of reinfection. Twenty-five patients were reported to have at least one complication. The shortest duration between the first infection and reinfection was 19 days and the longest was 293 days. During the first infection and reinfection, cough (51.6% and 43.9%) and fever (50% and 30.3%) were the most common symptoms respectively. Nine patients recovered, seven patients died, and five patients were hospitalized, but 97 patients' prognosis were unknown. B.1 is the most common variant strain at the first infection. B.1.1.7, B.1.128 and B.1.351 were the most common variant strains at reinfection. Thirty-three patients were infected by different strains and 9 patients were reported as being infected with the same strain.
conclusionsOur research shows that it is possible for rehabilitated patients to be reinfected by SARS-COV-2. To date, the causes and risk factors of COVID-19 reinfection are not fully understood. For patients with reinfection, the diagnosis and management should be consistent with the treatment of the first infection. The public, including rehabilitated patients, should be fully vaccinated, wear masks in public places, and pay attention to maintaining social distance to avoid reinfection with the virus.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.