Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35484791›Full record

ArticleRapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM2022

Detailed chemical analysis of a fully formulated oil using dielectric barrier discharge ionisation-mass spectrometry.

Vincent Basham, Tom Hancock, John McKendrick, Nathalia Tessarolo, Chrissie Wicking

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Vincent BashamDepartment of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, Whiteknights Campus, University of Reading, Reading, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0035-8956
Tom HancockBP Technology centre, Pangbourne, UK.
John McKendrickDepartment of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, Whiteknights Campus, University of Reading, Reading, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2275-0569
Nathalia TessaroloBP Technology centre, Pangbourne, UK.
Chrissie WickingBP Technology centre, Pangbourne, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0994-7375
Westbourne Centre · GBUniversity of Reading · GB

Funding

BP Castrol and the Engineering and Physical Research Council EP/P510622/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleFully formulated oils (FFOs) are integral to automotive lubrication; however, detailed compositional analysis is challenging due to high levels of chemical complexity. In particular, existing mass spectrometric approaches often target particular FFO components, leading to poor analytical coverage of the overall formulation, with increased overheads and analytical timescales.

methodsHerein we report the application of a commercially available SICRIT SC-20 dielectric barrier discharge ionisation (DBDI) source and Thermo Fisher Scientific LTQ Orbitrap XL to the analysis of an FFO. Nitrogen was used as a discharge gas for the DBDI source, and was modified using a range of commonplace solvents to tailor the experimental conditions for the analysis of various components.

resultsThe reported method allowed analysis of a range of FFO components of interest, encompassing a wide range of chemistries, in under 1 min. By modifying the discharge gas used for ionisation, experiments could be optimised for the analysis of particular FFO components across positive and negative ion modes. In particular, use of water vapour as a discharge gas modifier with positive ion mode mass spectrometry permitted concomitant analysis of antioxidants and base oil hydrocarbons. Furthermore, case studies of selected linear alkanes and alkenes profile the differences in the range of ions formed across these saturated and unsaturated aliphatic compounds, giving insight into the fate of base oil hydrocarbons in FFO analyses.

conclusionsA rapid method for analysis of FFO compositions has been developed and provides coverage of a range of components of interest. The results indicate that the method presented may be of utility in analysis of other FFOs or similarly challenging complex mixtures.

Indexed as

AlkenesHydrocarbonsMass SpectrometryOilsAlkenesHydrocarbonsOils

Identifiers

PMID35484791
PMCPMC9286547
OpenAlexW4225099669

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.