ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical policy and practice2022
India's ban on antimicrobial fixed-dose combinations: winning the battle, losing the war?
Article in Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reframing Antimicrobial Stewardship as Systems Governance: Aligning Regulation, Diagnostics, Antibiotic Use Measurement, and Surveillance to Address Antimicrobial Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Medication Safety in India and Southeast Asia: A SWOT Analysis of Policies and Practices.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2026Review
- Veterinary fixed-dose antibiotics in Africa: a need for evidence-based regulation.Veterinary research · 2026Article
- Critical Analysis of Fixed-Dose Antibiotic Combinations Sold in Kinshasa-Democratic Republic of the Congo.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Combating Antimicrobial Resistance: Role of Key Stakeholders with Focus on the Pharmaceutical Sector.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2025Review
- Analysis of antibiotic use and access to drugs among poultry farmers in Kenya.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- RETRACTED: Empowering Low- and Middle-Income Countries to Combat AMR by Minimal Use of Antibiotics: A Way Forward.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Not recommended fixed-dose antibiotic combinations in low- and middle-income countries - the example of Tanzania.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2023Review
- Systemic antibiotic sales and WHO recommendations, India.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2022Article
- Recent advances in chemistry and therapeutic potential of functionalized quinoline motifs - a review.RSC advances · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesIndia, the country with the largest market availability of antimicrobial fixed-dose combinations (FDCs), banned certain antimicrobial FDCs in September 2018. Our objective was to examine the impact of Government ban on the sales of antimicrobial FDCs.
methodsThe sales patterns of 14 of the 26 banned antimicrobial FDCs were analyzed using monthly private sector drug sales data from IQVIA (a comprehensive and nationally representative drug sales database) between January 2018 and December 2019. We carried out descriptive analyses to evaluate the trend in sales over time for banned and non-banned antimicrobial FDCs using cumulative sales volumes.
resultsOverall, the cumulative sales volume of banned antimicrobial FDCs declined by 75% between January and September 2018 and the same months of 2019, although some banned FDCs continued to be available in significant volumes. The effectiveness of the ban was offset by several pathways. First, the sales of combinations containing moieties belonging to the same drug-classes as the antimicrobials in the banned FDCs increased after the ban. Second, while certain formulations of particular combinations were banned, the sales of other non-banned formulation of these combinations increased. Third, in some cases, products containing new non-antimicrobial components added to the banned combinations remained available. INTERPRETATION AND
conclusionsWhile sales of the banned antimicrobial FDCs decreased in 2019, we identified several mechanisms that counterbalanced the ban, including implementation failure, rising sales of congeners, and products with additional non-antimicrobial components.
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