ReviewNature reviews. Disease primers2022
Bone stress injuries.
Review in Nature reviews. Disease primers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2025 Update to the Female Athlete Triad Coalition Consensus Statement Part 2: Clinical Guidelines for Screening, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Return to Play for Adolescents and Adults.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Guideline
- The Influence of Nutrition Intervention on the P1NP and CTX-1 Response to an Acute Exercise Bout: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Pooled it
- P1NP and β-CTX-1 Responses to a Prolonged, Continuous Running Bout in Young Healthy Adult Males: A Systematic Review with Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2023Pooled it
- Large language models show distinct multidimensional performance profiles and variable reproducibility in consensus-based bone stress injury.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Unraveling stress fractures: from cellular and molecular mechanisms to therapeutic approaches.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Observational
- Bone stress fractures and injuries of the upper limb in athletes.International orthopaedics · 2026Review
- An Accelerometer-Equipped Running Watch Provides a Valid Estimate of Peak Vertical Ground Reaction Force and Cumulative Weighted Damage: A Cross-Sectional Laboratory Study.European journal of sport science · 2026Article
- Imaging of bone stress injury in runners.Skeletal radiology · 2026Review
- How the anatomic location affects the surgical outcomes of simple bone cysts in children: a single-center retrospective cohort study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Article
- Simultaneous tibial and fibular sesamoid bone stress injuries in a collegiate volleyball player: The role of shockwave therapy in recovery and return to sport.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Microenvironment engineering with injectable hydrogel-based biofunctional scaffolds for augmenting bone defect regeneration.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- [Methotrexate osteopathy-a critical review].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2026Review
- Bone Organoids: A Novel Tool for Modeling and Managing Skeletal Disorders in Diabetes.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Bone stress injuries in elite runners: intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors in Italian track and field athletes.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- A Probabilistic Method to Model Progressive Metatarsal Displacement and Stiffness During Fatigue Testing.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2026Article
- PEDOTs in Bone Tissue Engineering Composites: Fabrication Strategies and Translational Hurdles.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Injury risk analysis of movement restriction and body asymmetry in sports injury prediction.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- The Natural History of Bone Stress Injuries in Athletes: From Inception to Resolution.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Advancement in smart bone implants: the latest multifunctional strategies and synergistic mechanisms for tissue repair and regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Bone stress injuries, including stress fractures, are overuse injuries that lead to substantial morbidity in active individuals. These injuries occur when excessive repetitive loads are introduced to a generally normal skeleton. Although the precise mechanisms for bone stress injuries are not completely understood, the prevailing theory is that an imbalance in bone metabolism favours microdamage accumulation over its removal and replacement with new bone via targeted remodelling. Diagnosis is achieved by a combination of patient history and physical examination, with imaging used for confirmation. Management of bone stress injuries is guided by their location and consequent risk of healing complications. Bone stress injuries at low-risk sites typically heal with activity modification followed by progressive loading and return to activity. Additional treatment approaches include non-weight-bearing immobilization, medications or surgery, but these approaches are usually limited to managing bone stress injuries that occur at high-risk sites. A comprehensive strategy that integrates anatomical, biomechanical and biological risk factors has the potential to improve the understanding of these injuries and aid in their prevention and management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.