ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2022
Social determinants of ethno-racial inequalities in substance use: a decomposition of national survey data.
Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racism-related experiences and substance use: A systematic and meta-analytic review.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Pooled it
- Income inequality and deaths of despair: a population-based study of 19 million Canadian adults.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Accidental substance-related acute toxicity deaths in older adults in 2016 and 2017: a national chart review study.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2024Article
- Socio-economic vulnerability and deaths of despair in Brazilian counties.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Barriers to care for mental health conditions in Canada.PLOS mental health · 2024Article
- The effect of economic crisis and austerity measures on deaths of despair in Brazil: An interrupted time series analysis.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSimilar to the US, mortality due to suicide and the use of opioids, alcohol, and other substances (so-called "Deaths of Despair"), is rising in Canada and has been disproportionately observed among Whites compared to other racial and ethnic groups. This study aimed to assess the determinants of the ethno-racial differences in the use of substances that underlie these deaths.
methodsUsing nationally representative data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2003, 2015-2016, 2018 cycles), a decomposition analysis was performed to estimate the contribution of psychosocial determinants, including age, sex, marital status, immigration, education, income, rurality, and affective health on inequalities between White and non-White populations in illicit substance, opioid, and problematic alcohol use and combined use (≥ 2) of substances.
resultsOverall, White respondents reported higher levels (by 5% to 10%) of substance use than non-White peers. Over 30% of the ethno-racial inequalities in illicit substance, problematic alcohol, and polysubstance use are explained by the protective role of immigration among those who are not White, whose low levels of substance use lower the prevalence in the non-White population overall. Among those born in Canada, no ethno-racial differences in substance use were observed.
conclusionSocial determinants, particularly immigrant status, explain a substantial proportion of ethno-racial inequalities in substance use in Canada. The jump in substance use between racialized populations who immigrated to Canada and those Canadian-born highlights the importance of exploring within-group variability in deaths of despair risk and considering how intersecting forces including systemic racism shape substance use patterns across generations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.