ArticleClinical interventions in aging2022
Serum Cortisol, Nesfatin-1, and IL-1β: Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Elderly Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression.
Article in Clinical interventions in aging, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rethinking Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review of Novel Therapeutic Strategies and Precision Medicine Approaches.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2025Pooled it
- Nesfatin-1 as a Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Immune Integrator: Insights from Cellular Cross-talk to Precision Medicine.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Review
- Differential diagnosis of bipolar II disorder and major depressive disorder: Integrating multimodal approaches to overcome clinical challenges.World journal of psychiatry · 2026Review
- A community screening tool for neuropsychiatric symptoms in the elderly: integrating cortisol, microbiome, and social factors with machine learning.Translational psychiatry · 2026Observational
- Linking inflammatory and structural neuroimaging biomarkers in treatment-resistant depression: Current evidence and emerging hypotheses.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- Towards Objective Major Depressive Disorder Detection: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Biomarkers.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2025Review
- Mechanisms Underlying Treatment-Resistant Depression: Exploring Sex-Based Biological Differences.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Nesfatin-1 enhances vascular smooth muscle calcification through facilitating BMP-2 osteogenic signaling.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Article
- Serum indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase and tryptophan-2, 3-dioxygenase: potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Association between symptoms of depression and inflammatory parameters in people aged over 90 years.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Biological correlates of treatment resistant depression: a review of peripheral biomarkers.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Changes in T-Cell Subpopulations and Cytokine Levels in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression-A Preliminary Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aim: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) affects approximately 30% of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), especially elderly patients. As individuals with TRD are at an increased risk of committing suicide and pose a higher risk of relapse, early diagnostic biomarkers of TRD and a better understanding of the resistance mechanism are highly needed. This study aimed to determine whether serum cortisol, nesfatin-1, and pro-inflammatory cytokines can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of elderly patients with TRD. Methods: Thirty elderly patients with TRD were selected as the TRD group. Thirty elderly patients with MDD who were effectively treated with conventional antidepressants were selected as the non-TRD group. The baseline levels of serum cortisol, nesfatin-1, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured and compared, and their diagnostic values were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve method for discriminating patients with TRD from those without TRD. Results: Serum cortisol, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly higher in the non-TRD and TRD groups than in the control group. Moreover, serum cortisol, CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in the TRD group were significantly lower than those in the non-TRD group. Furthermore, serum nesfatin-1 levels in the non-TRD group were significantly lower than those in the control and TRD groups, while the serum IL-1β levels in the non-TRD group were significantly higher than those in the control and TRD groups. Additionally, an ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.929 for the combination of nesfatin-1 and IL-1β and an AUC of 0.956 for the combination of cortisol, nesfatin-1, and IL-1β in discriminating elderly patients with TRD from those without non-TRD. Conclusion: Serum cortisol, nesfatin-1, and IL-1β may be potential diagnostic biomarkers for discriminating elderly patients with TRD from those without TRD.
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