ArticleFrontiers in molecular biosciences2022
Cyclic Attractors Are Critical for Macrophage Differentiation, Heterogeneity, and Plasticity.
Article in Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ferroptosis-driven immune remodeling in heart failure: the central role of macrophage reprogramming and impaired efferocytosis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Macrophages in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD): dual roles as therapeutic tools and targets.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles regulate macrophage polarization: role and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Effect of SiHuangQingXinWan onFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Identification of Common and Specific Genes Involved in Mouse Models of Age-Related and Cyclophosphamide-Induced Diminished Ovarian Reserve.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Article
- Uncoding the interdependency of tumor microenvironment and macrophage polarization: insights from a continuous network approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Boolean modeling reveals that cyclic attractors in macrophage polarization serve as reservoirs of states to balance external perturbations from the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Macrophage Boolean networks in the time of SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
Adaptability, heterogeneity, and plasticity are the hallmarks of macrophages. How these complex properties emerge from the molecular interactions is an open question. Thus, in this study we propose an actualized regulatory network of cytokines, signaling pathways, and transcription factors to survey the differentiation, heterogeneity, and plasticity of macrophages. The network recovers attractors, which in regulatory networks correspond to cell types, that correspond to M0, M1, M2a, M2b, M2c, M2d, M2-like, and IL-6 producing cells, including multiple cyclic attractors that are stable to perturbations. These cyclic attractors reproduce experimental observations and show that oscillations result from the structure of the network. We also study the effect of the environment in the differentiation and plasticity of macrophages, showing that the observed heterogeneity in macrophage populations is a result of the regulatory network and its interaction with the micro-environment. The macrophage regulatory network gives a mechanistic explanation to the heterogeneity and plasticity of macrophages seen
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