ArticleIn vivo (Athens, Greece)
3D Silk Fibroin-Gelatin/Hyaluronic Acid/Heparan Sulfate Scaffold Enhances Expression of Stemness and EMT Markers in Cholangiocarcinoma.
Article in In vivo (Athens, Greece). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current Perspectives on 2D and 3D Cell Culture Models in Cancer Research: Molecular Determinants of Tumor Biology and Therapeutic Response.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Matrix metalloproteinase-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition: implications in health and disease.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Microbial Exopolysaccharide Composites in Biomedicine and Healthcare: Trends and Advances.Polymers · 2023Review
- Liver Organoids as an In Vitro Model to Study Primary Liver Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Sericultural By-Products: The Potential for Alternative Therapy in Cancer Drug Design.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Mini-organs with big impact: Organoids in liver cancer studies.Oncology research · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a stem cell-based cancer. The in vivo tumor microenvironment is not present in two-dimensional (2D) cultures, which is one of the limitations in cancer stem cell (CSC) research. Thus, we aimed to establish three-dimensional (3D) culture mimicking extracellular matrix (ECM) that could serve as a niche for CSC enrichment in CCA. MATERIALS AND
methodsSilk fibroin-gelatin/hyaluronic acid/heparan sulfate (SF-GHHs) scaffolds were fabricated by lyophilization in various ratios and compared to silk fibroin (SF) scaffold. The physical and biological characteristics of the scaffolds were investigated.
resultsThe SF-GHHs 1:2 scaffold with pore size of 350±102 μm harbored optimal porosity, good water uptake, and stable beta-sheet that supported the increase in KKU-213A cell proliferation and aggregation. The CSC and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were significantly upregulated in this scaffold compared to 2D. Moreover, drug sensitivity against cisplatin and gemcitabine in 3D culture was significantly higher than that in 2D culture.
conclusionThe SF-GHHs 1:2 scaffold could simulate ECM that may serve as a CSC niche of CCA, and reinforce stemness and EMT properties, suggesting its suitability for 3D CCA model, which supports CSC and new targeting drug research in CCA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.