Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35477050›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2022

Mortality trends and length of stays among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Ontario and Québec (Canada): a population-based cohort study of the first three epidemic waves.

Yiqing Xia, Huiting Ma, David L Buckeridge, Marc Brisson, Beate Sander, Adrienne Chan, Aman Verma, Iris Ganser, Nadine Kronfli, Sharmistha Mishra and 1 more

Abstract read
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Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
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  4. Mortality in orthopedic patients: a retrospective review of 333 medical records.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
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  8. The prevalence of postacute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 in solid organ transplant recipients: Evaluation of risk in the National COVID Cohort Collaborative.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2024
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Evolution of illness severity in hospital admissions due to COVID-19, Québec, Canada, January to April 2022.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yiqing XiaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Huiting MaMAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
David L BuckeridgeDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Marc BrissonDépartement de médecine sociale et préventive, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Beate SanderInstitute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) collaborative, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada; ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Adrienne ChanInstitute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Aman VermaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Iris GanserDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Nadine KronfliCentre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Sharmistha MishraMAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Mathieu Maheu-GirouxDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada. Electronic address: mathieu.maheu-giroux@mcgill.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEpidemics of COVID-19 strained hospital resources. We describe temporal trends in mortality risk and length of stays in hospital and intensive care units (ICUs) among patients with COVID-19 hospitalized through the first three epidemic waves in Canada.

methodsWe used population-based provincial hospitalization data from the epicenters of Canada's epidemics (Ontario and Québec). Adjusted estimates were obtained using marginal standardization of logistic regression models, accounting for patient-level and hospital-level determinants.

resultsUsing all hospitalizations from Ontario (N = 26,538) and Québec (N = 23,857), we found that unadjusted in-hospital mortality risks peaked at 31% in the first wave and was lowest at the end of the third wave at 6-7%. This general trend remained after adjustments. The odds of in-hospital mortality in the highest patient load quintile were 1.2-fold (95% CI: 1.0-1.4; Ontario) and 1.6-fold (95% CI: 1.3-1.9; Québec) that of the lowest quintile. Mean hospital and ICU length of stays decreased over time but ICU stays were consistently higher in Ontario than Québec.

conclusionsIn-hospital mortality risks and length of ICU stays declined over time despite changing patient demographics. Continuous population-based monitoring of patient outcomes in an evolving epidemic is necessary for health system preparedness and response.

Indexed as

COVID-19EpidemicsCohort StudiesHospitalizationHospital MortalityHumansIntensive Care UnitsLength of StayOntarioQuebecRetrospective StudiesCOVID-19hospitalizationlength of stay in intensive care unitsmortality risk

Identifiers

PMID35477050
PMCPMC9040412

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.