ArticlemBio2022
Status of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses within 12 Months following CoronaVac Vaccination against COVID-19.
Article in mBio, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Human memory T cell dynamics after aluminum-adjuvanted inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Comparative analysis of pan MHC‑I epitopes immunoreactivity on Hantaan virus nucleocapsid protein.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Effects of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination on HIV viremia and reservoir size: a longitudinal cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Assessing COVID-19 IgG levels among vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals in Mthatha - South africa: A case-control approach.Virusdisease · 2025Article
- Latent tuberculosis coinfection in mild COVID-19 is associated with a distinct immune cell phenotype marked by enhanced cytotoxic degranulation and mitochondrial alterations.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Vaccination with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine TURKOVAC induces durable humoral and cellular immune responses up to 8 months.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluation of humoral and cellular immune responses in healthcare workers with varying levels of SARS-CoV-2 exposure: effects of CoronaVac vaccination followed by heterologous booster.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Immune memory reactivation and T cell dynamics following 12-month homologous CoronaVac booster: a longitudinal cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A 20-month longitudinal study to evaluate humoral and cellular immunity after COVID-19 vaccines.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2025Article
- Humoral and cellular immune response to AZD1222 /Covishield and BV152/Covaxin COVID-19 vaccines among adults in India.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Review
- Time-resolved scRNA-seq reveals transcription dynamics of polarized macrophages with influenza A virus infection and antigen presentation to T cells.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- A Low Number of Baselines γδ T Cells Increases the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Post-Vaccination Infection.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Article
- Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses to Vaccination for COVID-19 Are Negatively Impacted by Senescent T Cells: A Case Report.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Successful clearance of persistent SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic infection following a single dose of Ad5-nCoV vaccine.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Article
- Longevity and Neutralizing Capacity of IgG Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Generated by the Application of BNT162b2, AZD1222, Convidecia, Sputnik V, and CoronaVac Vaccines: a Cohort Study in the Mexican Population.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- COVID-19 inactivated and non-replicating viral vector vaccines induce regulatory training phenotype in human monocytes under epigenetic control.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- T-cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2: what if the known best is not the optimal course for the long run? Adapting to evolving targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Understanding immune memory to COVID-19 vaccines is critical for the design and optimal vaccination schedule for curbing the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we assessed the status of humoral and cellular immune responses at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after two-dose CoronaVac vaccination. A total of 150 participants were enrolled, and 136 of them completed the study through the 12-month endpoint. Our results show that, at 1 month after vaccination, both binding and neutralizing antibodies could be detected; the seropositive rate of binding antibodies and seroconversion rate of neutralizing antibodies were 99% and 50%, respectively. From 3 to 12 months, the binding and neutralizing antibodies declined over time. At 12 months, the binding and neutralizing antibodies were still detectable and significantly higher than the baseline. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) secretion specifically induced by the receptor-binding domain (RBD) persisted at high levels until 6 months and could be observed at 12 months, while the levels of IL-5 and granzyme B (GzmB) were hardly detected, demonstrating a Th1-biased response. In addition, specific CD4
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.