Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35473756›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's research & therapy2022

Cerebrospinal fluid lactate levels along the Alzheimer's disease continuum and associations with blood-brain barrier integrity, age, cognition, and biomarkers.

Paul Theo Zebhauser, Achim Berthele, Oliver Goldhardt, Janine Diehl-Schmid, Josef Priller, Marion Ortner, Timo Grimmer

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Lactate and cognition: a dual modulator.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026
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  12. Brain endothelial HIF-1Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025
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  15. International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Paul Theo ZebhauserDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. paul.zebhauser@tum.de.
Achim BertheleDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Oliver GoldhardtDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Janine Diehl-SchmidDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Josef PrillerDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Marion OrtnerDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Timo GrimmerDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Technical University of Munich · DEUniversity of Edinburgh · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate levels have been suggested to be associated with disease severity and progression in several neurological diseases as an indicator of impaired energy metabolism, neuronal death, or microglial activation. Few studies have examined CSF lactate levels in dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and found higher values in AD patients compared to healthy controls (HC). However, these studies were mostly small in size, the inclusion criteria were not always well defined, and the diagnostic value and pathophysiological significance of CSF lactate in AD remain unclear.

methodsWe examined CSF lactate levels and potentially associated factors in a large (n=312), biologically and clinically well-defined sample of patients with AD at the stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI-AD) and dementia (ADD), HC, and patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD).

resultsContrary to previous studies, patients with ADD and HC did not differ in CSF lactate levels. However, we found higher values for patients with MCI-AD compared to those with ADD and to HC in univariate analysis, as well as for MCI-AD compared to ADD when controlling for age and blood-brain barrier integrity. CSF lactate levels were associated with age and blood-brain barrier integrity but not with clinical severity or CSF biomarkers of AD.

conclusionsCSF lactate does not indicate biological or clinical disease severity in AD, nor does it differentiate between patients with AD and HC or patients with FTLD. However, higher CSF lactate levels were found in earlier stages of AD, which might be interpreted in the context of inflammatory processes.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseFrontotemporal DementiaFrontotemporal Lobar DegenerationAmyloid beta-PeptidesBiomarkersBlood-Brain BarrierCognitionHumansLactatesPeptide Fragmentstau ProteinsAmyloid beta-PeptidesBiomarkersLactatesPeptide Fragmentstau ProteinsAlzheimer’s diseaseBiomarkersBlood-brain barrierCerebrospinal fluidLactate

Identifiers

PMID35473756
PMCPMC9044672
OpenAlexW4224885869

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.