ArticleBMC pediatrics2022
Throat carriage rate, associated factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of group A Streptococcus among healthy school children in Jigjiga City, Eastern Ethiopia.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Research progress on toxic shock syndrome due to group AZhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026Review
- The Role of Physical Examination and Clinical Scores in Distinguishing Streptococcal Colonization from Pharyngitis in Pediatric Patients: Insights from a Common Clinical Scenario.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Streptococcus pyogenes carriage rate, associated factors and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles among urban and rural schoolchildren at Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis: An Updated Review.Current pediatric reviews · 2024Review
- Article
- Comment on: "Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis Among Pediatric Patients with Acute Pharyngitis in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia" [Letter].Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors of Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis Among Pediatric Patients with Acute Pharyngitis in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- An Overview of Macrolide Resistance in Streptococci: Prevalence, Mobile Elements and Dynamics.Microorganisms · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGroup A Streptococcus has been recognized as an important human pathogen and it remains among the top ten causes of mortality from an infectious disease. Group A Streptococcus throat carriage plays an important role in the development of infection and transmission to contacts. In Ethiopia, there is little information about screening of children for group A Streptococcus carriage.
objectiveThis study was aimed to assess the magnitude of throat carriage, associated factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of group A Streptococcus among healthy school children in Jigjiga city, Eastern Ethiopia from 12 April to 27 May 2021.
methodA cross-sectional study was conducted enrolled by simple random sampling. Data on socio-demographic and related characteristics were gathered using pretested structured questionnaire. The throat sample was collected from 462 healthy school children and immediately transported to Jigjiga University Sultan Sheik Hassan referral hospital laboratory for investigation. Identification of group A Streptococcus was done by colony characterstics, gram staining, catalase negativity, bacitracin sensitivity, and Pyrrolidonyl arylamidase tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done on Muller-Hinton agar containing 5% sheep blood by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The data were coded, cleaned, and entered onto EpiData Version 3.1 then exported to SPSS version 26.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression through adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was used to determine the relationship between culture-positivity rates of GAS and predictor variables. A p-value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant on multivariable analysis.
resultsThe overall prevalence of group A Streptococcus throat culture rate was 10.6% (95%CI; 8.1%-13.7%). Previous family member who had a sore throat, children living with larger families (more than 11 members), and children living with non-immediate families were significantly associated with culture-positivity rates of GAS. Children who live with a family member with a sore throat compared with those who lived with in a family with no history of sore throat (AOR = 2.51; 95%CI 1.09-5.73), children who live with a large family comared to children living in families with less members (AOR = 4.64; 95% CI 1.53-14.1), and children who live with non-immediate families compared to children living with their mothers (AOR = 3.65; 95% CI 1.39 - 9.61), showed significant association with group A Streptococcus carriage rate. Resistance to all other antibiotics tested was low (< 5%). Multidrug resistance was found in 4.1% of isolates.
conclusionThe present study showed 10.6% throat carriage of group A Streptococcus. Family member with a sore throat, having a large family, and living with non-immediate families have all been identified as independent predictors of carriage prevalence.
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