ArticleChemico-biological interactions2022
Safety considerations of chloroquine in the treatment of patients with diabetes and COVID-19.
Article in Chemico-biological interactions, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Self-management and role of nurses of diabetic patients: a critical narrative literature review during COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Exploration of Specific Fluoroquinolone Interaction with SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro) to Battle COVID-19: DFT, Molecular Docking, ADME and Cardiotoxicity Studies.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Review
- Identification of a Dual Autophagy and REV-ERB Inhibitor withJournal of medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- Potential RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors as prospective drug candidates for SARS-CoV-2.European journal of medicinal chemistry · 2023Review
- Effects of autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine on a diabetic mice model.International journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Hypertension related toxicity of chloroquine explains its failure against COVID-19: Based on rat model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients with underlying diseases and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are at increased risk of death. Using the recommended anti-COVID-19 drug, chloroquine phosphate (CQ), to treat patients with severe cases and type 2 diabetes (T2D) could potentially cause harm. We aimed to understand the safety of CQ in patients with T2D by administrating the recommended dose (63 mg/kg twice daily for 7 days) and a high dose (126 mg/kg twice daily for 7 days) of CQ in T2D rats. We found that CQ increased the total mortality of the T2D rats from 27.3% to 72.7% in the recommended and high-dose groups during the whole period. CQ also induced hematotoxicity of T2D rats in the high-dose group; the hepatic enzymes in T2D rats were significantly elevated. CQ also changed the electrocardiograms, prolonged the QTc intervals, and produced urinary leukocytes and proteins in the T2D rats. Histopathological observations revealed that CQ caused severe damage to the rats' heart, jejunum, liver, kidneys, spleen, and retinas. Furthermore, CQ significantly decreased the serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels. In conclusion, the CQ dosage and regimen used to treat COVID-19 induced adverse effects in diabetic rats, suggesting the need to reevaluate the effective dose of CQ in humans.
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