ArticleEye (London, England)2023
Combined levator and frontalis muscle advancement flaps for recurrent severe congenital ptosis.
Article in Eye (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anatomy of the Conjoint Fascial Sheath and Modified ''-Shaped Suspension for Correction of Moderate-to-Severe Congenital Blepharoptosis.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Observational
- Maximal levator resection as a revision strategy following failed silicone frontalis sling: outcomes on eyelid position, ocular surface and patient satisfaction.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Not Merely an Enveloping Membrane: Anatomy of the Preaponeurotic Fat Membrane and Its Role in Blepharoptosis Correction.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo evaluate the outcomes of combined levator resection and frontalis muscle advancement for surgical management of recurrent severe congenital ptosis.
designRetrospective, nonrandomized interventional case series.
methodsA retrospective review was performed of patients who underwent combined levator resection and frontalis muscle advancement for recurrent congenital ptosis between 2017 and 2020. Inclusion criteria were levator function of 4 mm or less and margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) of 0 mm or less. Main outcome measures were postoperative MRD 1, lagophthalmos, lash angle, and grades of eyelid contour and crease. The outcomes were assessed by reviewing medical charts and photographs.
resultsThirty-one patients (35 eyelids) met the inclusion criteria. The mean preoperative MRD1 was -1.14 ± 1.56 mm, which improved to 3.93 ± 0.52 mm with an average lagophthalmos of 0.91 ± 0.74 mm at the last follow-up. A total of 91.4% of eyelids had excellent eyelid contour, crease, and eyelash angle at the final follow-up. One eyelid required revision surgery. There were no other significant complications.
conclusionsFor poor function recurrent congenital ptosis, combining levator resection and frontalis muscle advancement is an effective method that results in long-term correction with cosmetically pleasing outcomes and minimal complications.
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