Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35468743›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2022

Measuring school level attributable risk to support school-based HPV vaccination programs.

C Vujovich-Dunn, H Wand, J M L Brotherton, H Gidding, J Sisnowski, R Lorch, M Veitch, V Sheppeard, P Effler, S R Skinner and 19 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Vaccines · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

C Vujovich-DunnUniversity of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia. cvujovich-dunn@kirby.unsw.edu.au.
H WandUniversity of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia.
J M L BrothertonAustralian Centre for the Prevention of Cervical Cancer, Population Health, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
H GiddingUniversity of Sydney, Northern Clinical School, Sydney, Australia.
J SisnowskiUniversity of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia.
R LorchUniversity of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia.
M VeitchDepartment of Health and Human Services, Tasmanian Government, Hobart, Australia.
V SheppeardCommunicable Diseases Branch, NSW Health, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
P EfflerCommunicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health, Western Australia, East Perth, Australia.
S R SkinnerUniversity of Sydney, Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia.
A VennMenzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Tasmanian, Australia.
C DaviesUniversity of Sydney, Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia.
J HockingUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia.
L WhopAustralian National University, National Centre for Epidemiology & Population Health, Canberra, Australia.
J LeaskNational Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Sydney, Australia.
K CanfellThe Daffodil Centre, University of Sydney, A Joint Venture With Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.
L SanciUniversity of Melbourne, Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Carlton, VIC, Australia.
M SmithThe Daffodil Centre, University of Sydney, A Joint Venture With Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.
M KangUniversity of Sydney, Westmead Clinical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
M Temple-SmithUniversity of Melbourne, Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Carlton, VIC, Australia.
M KiddFlinders University, Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.
S BurnsCurtin University, School of Population Health, Bentley, WA, Australia.
L SelveyUniversity of Queensland, School of Public Health, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
D MeijerImmunisation Unit, Health Protection NSW, St Leonard's, New South Wales, Australia.
S EnnisImmunisation Unit, Health Protection NSW, St Leonard's, New South Wales, Australia.
C ThomsonCommunicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health, Western Australia, East Perth, Australia.
N LaneDepartment of Health and Human Services, Tasmanian Government, Hobart, Australia.
J KaldorUniversity of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia.
R GuyUniversity of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn Australia in 2017, 89% of 15-year-old females and 86% of 15-year-old males had received at least one dose of the HPV vaccine. However, considerable variation in HPV vaccination initiation (dose one) across schools remains. It is important to understand the school-level characteristics most strongly associated with low initiation and their contribution to the overall between-school variation.

methodsA population-based ecological analysis was conducted using school-level data for 2016 on all adolescent students eligible for HPV vaccination in three Australian jurisdictions. We conducted logistic regression to determine school-level factors associated with lower HPV vaccination initiation (< 75% dose 1 uptake) and estimated the population attributable risk (PAR) and the proportion of schools with the factor (school-level prevalence).

resultsThe factors most strongly associated with lower initiation, and their prevalence were; small schools (OR = 9.3, 95%CI = 6.1-14.1; 33% of schools), special education schools (OR = 5.6,95%CI = 3.7-8.5; 8% of schools), higher Indigenous enrolments (OR = 2.7,95% CI:1.9-3.7; 31% of schools), lower attendance rates (OR = 2.6,95%CI = 1.7-3.7; 35% of schools), remote location (OR = 2.6,95%CI = 1.6-4.3; 6% of schools,) and lower socioeconomic area (OR = 1.8,95% CI = 1.3-2.5; 33% of schools). The highest PARs were small schools (PAR = 79%, 95%CI:76-82), higher Indigenous enrolments (PAR = 38%, 95%CI: 31-44) and lower attendance rate (PAR = 37%, 95%CI: 29-46).

conclusionThis analysis suggests that initiatives to support schools that are smaller, with a higher proportion of Indigenous adolescents and lower attendance rates may contribute most to reducing the variation of HPV vaccination uptake observed at a school-level in these jurisdictions. Estimating population-level coverage at the school-level is useful to guide policy and prioritise resourcing to support school-based vaccination programs.

Indexed as

Papillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesAdolescentAustraliaFemaleHumansMaleSchoolsVaccinationPapillomavirus VaccinesCervical cancerHealth equityHPV vaccinesImmunisation programsPrimary preventionSchool-based

Identifiers

PMID35468743
PMCPMC9036743

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.