ArticleHealth services research2022
Multidimensional structural racism predicts birth outcomes for Black and White Minnesotans.
Article in Health services research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal mycoestrogen exposure in relation to timing of birth and placental corticotropin releasing hormone concentrations in a U.S. pregnancy cohort.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- The Association Between Structural Disadvantage and Adverse Birth Outcomes: Analyzing Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight Using the Structural Racism Effect Index.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- A Multidimensional Approach to Measure Structural Racism and Its Association with Fatal and Nonfatal Community Firearm Violence at the Census Tract Level in New York City.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Superwoman Schema Endorsement and its Association to Perceived Stress During Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes among Non-Hispanic Black American Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Unmet social needs in pediatric rheumatic disease: a study of disparities.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2026Article
- Developing and Validating Measures of Structural Ableism to Improve Health Outcomes for the Disability Community: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Applying mixtures methodology to analyze how exposure to structural racism and economic disadvantage affect perinatal health outcomes: an ECHO study.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Black-White Disparity in Child Hyperactivity-Inattention Problems in Families Living Without Sufficient Foods.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2026Article
- A Standard Measure of Structural Racism, Do We Have One? Can We Have One? A Narrative Review of Commonly Used Measures and Domains of Use.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Review
- Intersectionality and the Association Between State-Level Structural Racism, Binge Alcohol Consumption, and Smoking Status Among Black Americans.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Incarceration and Psychiatric Emergency Department Visits Among Black Americans.The Milbank quarterly · 2025Article
- Development and Initial Validation of a Measure of Parental Racial/Ethnic Discrimination in Pediatric Healthcare.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Structural Racism-Related State Laws and Healthcare Access Among Black, Latine, and White U.S. Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Ecological Impacts of Structural Racism on Health Disparity Through Its Determinants and Mediating Factors: A Case Study on Low Birthweight in Three Race/Ethnicity Groups in the United States.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- A State-Level Examination into Structural Racism and Racialized Disparities in Sexually Transmitted Infections.Spatial demography · 2025Article
- Influence of structural racism on cancer health disparities: Tailoring measures relevant to multiple myeloma.Cancer · 2024Article
- The HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study (HBCD): NIH collaboration to understand the impacts of prenatal and early life experiences on brain development.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2024Article
- Associations Between Infant Formula Exposure, Housing Instability and Postneonatal Mortality Among Participants in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).Maternal and child health journal · 2024Article
- Using a Latent Variable Method to Develop a Composite, Multidimensional Measure of Structural Racism at the City Level.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Associations between Individual- and Structural-Level Racism and Gestational Age at Birth in the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-Be.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe objective of this study is to determine the linkage between multidimensional structural racism typologies and preterm birth (PTB), low birthweight (LBW), and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth among infants of White, US-born Black, and foreign-born Black pregnant people in Minnesota. DATA SOURCES: The measures of structural racism were based on the 2017 American Community Survey 5-year estimates and the 2017 jail incarceration data from the Vera Institute of Justice. Birth outcomes of infants born in 2018 were based on birth records from the Minnesota Department of Health. STUDY
designWe conducted a latent class analysis to identify multidimensional structural racism typologies in 2017 and related these typologies to birth outcomes of pregnant people who gave birth in Minnesota in 2018 using Vermunt's 3-step approach. Racial group-specific age-adjusted risks of PTB, LBW, and SGA by structural racism typologies were estimated. DATA COLLECTION: Study data were from public sources. PRINCIPAL
findingsOur analysis identified three multidimensional structural racism typologies in Minnesota in 2017. These typologies can have high structural racism in some dimensions but low in others. The interactive patterns among various dimensions cannot simply be classified as "high" (i.e., high structural racism in all dimensions), "medium," or "low." The risks of PTB, LBW, and SGA for US-born Black pregnant Minnesotans were always higher than for their White counterparts regardless of the typologies in which they lived during pregnancy. Furthermore, these excess risks among US-born Black pregnant people did not vary significantly across the typologies. We did not find clear patterns when comparing the predicted risks for infants of US- and foreign-born Black pregnant people.
conclusionMultidimensional structural racism increases the risks of adverse birth outcomes for US-born Black Minnesotans. Policy interventions to dismantle structural racism and eliminate birth inequities must be multi-sectoral as changes in one or a few dimensions, but not all, will unlikely reduce birth inequities.
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