ReviewStroke2022
Sex-Specific Immune Responses in Stroke.
Review in Stroke, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gq Signaling in Microglia Triggers Interferon Responses and Improves Outcome After Ischemic Stroke.Glia · 2026Article
- Shared transcriptomic signatures in perilesional and contralesional cortex after ischemic stroke.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Molecular heterogeneity in human stroke - What can we learn from the peripheral blood transcriptome?Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Shared Transcriptomic Signatures in Perilesional and Contralesional Cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Sex differences in ex vivo cytokine production and their association with outcome following ischemic stroke.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporally precise immune reprogramming: a new paradigm for next-generation neuroimmune therapy in ischemic stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Impact of Diabetes on Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Function, and Neurological Outcomes Following Ischemic Stroke: A Sex-Based Experimental Analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- T Cell Involvement in Neuroinflammation After Traumatic Brain Injury: Implications for Therapeutic Intervention.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Elevated initial blood kynurenine is associated with increased odds of post-stroke infection: Kynurenine and post-stroke infection.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2025Article
- The influence of gender on CD4Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- From disruption to remodeling: the evolution and therapeutic prospects of Neuroimmune Regulatory Circuitry after ischemic stroke.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Neuroinflammation and acute ischemic stroke: impact on translational research and clinical care.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Review
- Sex Differences in Tryptophan Metabolism via the Kynurenine Pathway in Acute Ischemic Stroke.Clinical therapeutics · 2024Article
- Application of Nanozymes and its Progress in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke.Translational stroke research · 2024Review
- Identification and analysis of key immunity-related genes in experimental ischemic stroke.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- Microglial heterogeneity in the ischemic stroke mouse brain of both sexes.Genome medicine · 2024Article
- Dim light at night shifts microglia to a pro-inflammatory state after cerebral ischemia, altering stroke outcome in mice.Experimental neurology · 2024Article
- Chronic consequences of ischemic stroke: Profiling brain injury and inflammation in a mouse model with reperfusion.Physiological reports · 2024Article
- Gut-Brain Axis: Focus on Sex Differences in Neuroinflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In both acute and chronic diseases, functional differences in host immune responses arise from a multitude of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Two of the most important factors affecting the immune response are biological sex and aging. Ischemic stroke is a debilitating disease that predominately affects older individuals. Epidemiological studies have shown that older women have poorer functional outcomes compared with men, in part due to the older age at which they experience their first stroke and the increased comorbidities seen with aging. The immune response also differs in men and women, which could lead to altered inflammatory events that contribute to sex differences in poststroke recovery. Intrinsic factors including host genetics and chromosomal sex play a crucial role both in shaping the host immune system and in the neuroimmune response to brain injury. Ischemic stroke leads to altered intracellular communication between astrocytes, neurons, and resident immune cells in the central nervous system. Increased production of cytokines and chemokines orchestrate the infiltration of peripheral immune cells and promote neuroinflammation. To maintain immunosurveillance, the host immune and central nervous system are highly regulated by a diverse population of immune cells which are strategically distributed within the neurovascular unit and become activated with injury. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of sex-specific host immune responses in ischemic stroke.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.