ArticleVaccine2022
Covax-19/Spikogen® vaccine based on recombinant spike protein extracellular domain with Advax-CpG55.2 adjuvant provides single dose protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters.
Article in Vaccine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 2b Study to Assess the Effect of Dose Interval on the Effectiveness of a Protein-based Covid-19 Vaccine (Spikogen® Vaccine)
Immunogenicity and Safety Study in Ambulatory Adults of a Single Intramuscular Dose of SpikoGen Vaccine as a Heterologous or Homologous Booster Dose Following Completion of a Primary Course of Covid-19 Vaccine
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Post-Hoc Analysis of Potential Correlates of Protection of a Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Extracellular Domain Vaccine Formulated with Advax-CpG55.2-Adjuvant.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Trial
- Ability of SpikoGen®, an Advax-CpG adjuvanted recombinant spike protein vaccine, to induce cross-neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants.Immunology · 2023Trial
- Evaluating the efficacy and safety of SpikoGen®, an Advax-CpG55.2-adjuvanted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein vaccine: a phase 3 randomized placebo-controlled trial.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2023Trial
- Biomimetic Nanocarriers for Glioblastoma Therapy: Translational Advances and Strategic Challenges.Cancers · 2026Review
- One Health adjuvant selection for vaccines against zoonotic infections.Exploration of medicine · 2025Article
- Progress in the development of an Advax-adjuvanted protein capsular matrix vaccine against typhoid fever.Microbes & immunity · 2025Article
- Clinical development of SpikoGen®, an Advax-CpG55.2 adjuvanted recombinant spike protein vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Simplified scalable synthesis of a water-soluble toll-like receptor 2 agonistic lipopeptide adjuvant for use with protein-based viral vaccines.Bioorganic chemistry · 2024Article
- Effect of SpikoGen subunit vaccine administration during pregnancy on fetal development of rats.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2024Article
- Effects of age and gender on immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SpikoGen recombinant spike protein vaccine: a post-hoc analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Application of Biomaterials for the Vaccine, Treatment, and Detection of SARS-CoV-2.ACS omega · 2024Review
- Review
- Revolutionizing adjuvant development: harnessing AI for next-generation cancer vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Soluble SARS-CoV-2 RBD and human ACE2 peptidase domain produced in Drosophila S2 cells show functions evoking virus-cell interface.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2023Article
- An intranasal vaccine comprising SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain protein entrapped in mannose-conjugated chitosan nanoparticle provides protection in hamsters.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Intranasal Single-Replication Influenza Vector Induces Cross-Reactive Serum and Mucosal Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Variants.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Big knowledge visualization of the COVID-19 CIDO ontology evolution.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2023Article
- Recombinant Protein Vaccines against Human Betacoronaviruses: Strategies, Approaches and Progress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
COVID-19 presents an ongoing global health crisis. Protein-based COVID-19 vaccines that are well-tolerated, safe, highly-protective and convenient to manufacture remain of major interest. We therefore sought to compare the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a number of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein candidates expressed in insect cells. By comparison to a full length (FL) spike protein detergent-extracted nanoparticle antigen, the soluble secreted spike protein extracellular domain (ECD) generated higher protein yields per liter of culture and when formulated with either Alum-CpG55.2 or Advax-CpG55.2 combination adjuvants elicited robust antigen-specific humoral and cellular immunity in mice. In hamsters, the spike ECD when formulated with either adjuvant induced high serum neutralizing antibody titers even after a single dose. When challenged with the homologous SARS-CoV-2 virus, hamsters immunized with the adjuvanted spike ECD exhibited reduced viral load in day 1-3 oropharyngeal swabs and day 3 nasal turbinate tissue and had no recoverable infectious virus in day 3 lung tissue. The reduction in lung viral load correlated with less weight loss and lower lung pathology scores. The formulations of spike ECD with Alum-CpG55.2 or Advax-CpG55.2 were protective even after just a single dose, although the 2-dose regimen performed better overall and required only half the total amount of antigen. Pre-challenge serum neutralizing antibody levels showed a strong correlation with lung protection, with a weaker correlation seen with nasal or oropharyngeal protection. This suggests that serum neutralizing antibody levels may correlate more closely with systemic, rather than mucosal, protection. The spike protein ECD with Advax-CpG55.2 formulation (Covax-19® vaccine) was selected for human clinical development.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.