Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35465953›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of anaesthesia2022

The mental health of staff working on intensive care units over the COVID-19 winter surge of 2020 in England: a cross sectional survey.

Charlotte E Hall, Joanna Milward, Cristina Spoiala, Jaskiran K Bhogal, Dale Weston, Henry W W Potts, Tristan Caulfield, Michael Toolan, Kate Kanga, Sarah El-Sheikha and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of anaesthesia, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Beyond the Smile: Exploring the Mental Well-Being of Dental Students Across Institutions.European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe · 2025
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  11. Resilience and yoga training have additive benefits for mental health of intensive care unit nurses.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Charlotte E HallBehavioural Science and Insights Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK.
Joanna MilwardBehavioural Science and Insights Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK. Electronic address: neil.greenberg@kcl.ac.uk.
Cristina SpoialaBehavioural Science and Insights Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK.
Jaskiran K BhogalBehavioural Science and Insights Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK.
Dale WestonBehavioural Science and Insights Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, UK.
Henry W W PottsInstitute of Health Informatics and, London, UK.
Tristan CaulfieldDepartment of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK.
Michael ToolanKing's College Hospital, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London, UK.
Kate KangaDepartment of Anaesthesia, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK.
Sarah El-SheikhaDepartment of Anaesthesia, Mersey Deanery, Liverpool, UK.
Kevin FongDepartment of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy (STEaPP), University College London, London, UK; Department of Anaesthesia, University College London Hospital, London, UK.
Neil GreenbergKing's Centre for Military Health Research, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, London, UK; Health Protection Research Unit, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic generated a surge of critically ill patients greater than the capacity of the UK National Health Service (NHS). There have been multiple well-documented impacts associated with the national COVID-19 pandemic surge on ICU staff, including an increased prevalence of mental health disorders on a scale potentially sufficient to impair high-quality care delivery. We investigated the prevalence of five mental health outcomes; explored demographic and professional predictors of poor mental health outcomes; and describe the prevalence of functional impairment; and explore demographic and professional predictors of functional impairment in ICU staff over the 2020/2021 winter COVID-19 surge in England.

methodsEnglish ICU staff were surveyed before, during, and after the winter 2020/2021 surge using a survey which comprised validated measures of mental health.

resultsA total of 6080 surveys were completed, by ICU nurses (57.5%), doctors (27.9%), and other healthcare staff (14.5%). Reporting probable mental health disorders increased from 51% (before) to 64% (during), and then decreased to 46% (after). Younger, less experienced nursing staff were most likely to report probable mental health disorders. During and after the winter, >50% of participants met threshold criteria for functional impairment. Staff who reported probable post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, or depression were more likely to meet threshold criteria for functional impairment.

conclusionsThe winter of 2020/2021 was associated with an increase in poor mental health outcomes and functional impairment amongst ICU staff during a period of peak caseload. These effects are likely to impact on patient care outcomes and the longer-term resilience of the healthcare workforce.

Indexed as

COVID-19Cross-Sectional StudiesDepressionHumansIntensive Care UnitsMental HealthPandemicsState MedicineCOVID-19functional impairmenthealthcare workerintensive caremental healthpresenteeismPTSD

Identifiers

PMID35465953
PMCPMC8942706

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.